On this day, Jan. 5

1781 A British naval expedition led by Benedict Arnold burned Richmond, Va.

1896 An Austrian newspaper, Wiener Presse, reported the discovery by German physicist Wilhelm Roentgen of a type of radiation that came to be known as X-rays.

1902 Andrew Carnegie announced a gift to form Carnegie Technical Schools, which became Carnegie Institute of Technology and now is part of Carnegie Mellon University.

1914 Auto industrialist Henry Ford announced he was going to pay workers $5 for an eight-hour day, as opposed to $2.34 for a nine-hour day. (Employees still worked six days a week; the five-day work week was instituted in 1926.)

1940 Pittsburgh and Allegheny County officials announced that the $38 million “Moses Plan” would be put into motion with reconstruction of Duquesne Way at a cost of $2.5 million as the first project. The next projects on the list were a $1.4 million Liberty Tubes grade separation plaza and a $1.5 million extension of Saw Mill Run Boulevard to the West End.

1957 President Dwight D. Eisenhower proposed assistance to countries to help them resist Communist aggression in what became known as the Eisenhower Doctrine.

2004 Foreigners arriving at U.S. airports were photographed and had their fingerprints scanned in the start of a government effort to keep terrorists out of the country.

2007 Bill Cowher resigned as head coach of the Steelers after 15 seasons. Some items are from Stefan Lorant’s “Pittsburgh: The Story of an American City” (digital.library.pitt.edu/chronology).

— Compiled by Alyssa Brown

Today’s birthdays: Former Vice President Walter F. Mondale, 92. Actor Robert Duvall, 89. Juan Carlos, former King of Spain, 82. Singer-musician Athol Guy (The Seekers), 80. Former talk show host Charlie Rose, 78. Actress-director Diane Keaton, 74. Actor Ted Lange, 72. Rhythm-and-blues musician George “Funky” Brown (Kool and the Gang), 71. Rock musician Chris Stein (Blondie), 70. Former CIA Director George Tenet, 67. Actress Pamela Sue Martin, 67. Actor Clancy Brown, 61. Actress Suzy Amis,

58. Actor Ricky Paull Goldin, 55. Actor Vinnie Jones, 55. Rock musician Kate Schellenbach (Luscious Jackson), 54. Actor Joe Flanigan, 53. Talk show host/ dancer-choreographer Carrie Ann Inaba,

52. Rock musician Troy Van Leeuwen (Queens of the Stone Age), 52. Actress Heather Paige Kent, 51. Rock singer Marilyn Manson, 51. Actor Bradley Cooper, 45. Thought for today: “It is easy to be tolerant of the principles of other people if you have none of your own.”