On this day, Jan. 5

1781 A British naval expedition led by Benedict Arnold burned Richmond, Va.

1896 An Austrian newspaper, Wiener Presse, reported the discovery by German physicist Wilhelm Roentgen of a type of radiation that came to be known as X-rays.

1902 Andrew Carnegie announced a gift to form Carnegie Technical Schools, which became Carnegie Institute of Technology and now is part of Carnegie Mellon University.

1914 Auto industrialist Henry Ford announced he was going to pay workers $5 for an eight-hour day, as opposed to $2.34 for a nine-hour day. (Employees still worked six days a week; the five-day workweek was instituted in 1926.)

1940 Pittsburgh and Allegheny County officials announced that the $38 million “Moses Plan” would be put into motion with reconstruction of Duquesne Way at a cost of $2.5 million as the first project. The next projects on the list were a $1.4 million Liberty Tubes grade separation plaza and a $1.5 million extension of Saw Mill Run Boulevard to the West End.

1957 President Dwight D. Eisenhower proposed assistance to countries to help them resist Communist aggression in what became known as the Eisenhower Doctrine.

2007 Bill Cowher resigned as head coach of the Steelers after 15 seasons.

Some items are from Stefan Lorant’s “Pittsburgh: The Story of an American City” (digital.library.pitt.edu/chronology).

— Compiled by Alyssa Brown Today’s birthdays: Former Vice President Walter Mondale,

92. Actor Robert Duvall, 89. Juan Carlos, former King of Spain, 82. Former talk show host Charlie Rose, 78. Actressdirector Diane Keaton, 74. Actor Ted Lange, 72. Rhythm-andblues musician George “Funky” Brown (Kool and the Gang),

71. Rock musician Chris Stein (Blondie), 70. Former CIA Director George Tenet, 67. Actress Pamela Sue Martin, 67. Actor Clancy Brown, 61. Actress Suzy Amis, 58. Talk show host/dancer-choreographer Carrie Ann Inaba, 52. Rock singer Marilyn Manson, 51. Actor Bradley Cooper, 45.

Thought for today: “It is easy to be tolerant of the principles of other people if you have none of your own.”

— Herbert Samuel, English political leader (1870-1963)