On this day, July 5

1687 Isaac Newton first published his Principia Mathematica, a three-volume work setting out his mathematical principles of natural philosophy.

1811 Venezuela became the first South American country to declare independence from Spain.

1947 Larry Doby made his debut with the Cleveland Indians, becoming the first Black player in the American League three months after Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier in the National League. In the game against the Chicago White Sox at Comiskey Park, Doby, pinch-hitting for Bryan Stephens in the seventh inning, struck out in his first at-bat; Chicago won 6-5.

1978 Nathaniel Rosen, the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra’s principal cellist, won the Tchaikovsky Gold Medal in Moscow.

2006 A Macquarie-led consortium announced a plan to acquire Duquesne Light Holdings for $1.59 billion.

Some items are from Stefan Lorant’s “Pittsburgh: The Story of an American City” (digital.library.pitt.edu/chronology).

— Compiled by Rick Nowlin

Today’s birthdays: Singer-musician Robbie Robertson, 78. Julie Nixon Eisenhower, 73. Rock star Huey Lewis, 71. Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher and former Pirate Rich “Goose” Gossage, 70. Country musician Charles Ventre, 69. Singer-songwriter Marc Cohn, 62. Actor John Marshall Jones, 59. Actor Dorien Wilson, 59. Actor Edie Falco, 58. Actor Jillian Armenante, 57. Actor Kathryn Erbe, 56. Actor Michael Stuhlbarg, 53. Country musician Brent Flynn (Flynnville Train), 52. Rapper RZA, 52. R&B singer Joe, 48. Rock musician Bengt Lagerberg (The Cardigans), 48. Actor Dale Godboldo, 46. Rapper Bizarre, 45. Rapper Royce da 5’9”, 44. Rock singer Jason Wade (Lifehouse), 41. Actor Ryan Hansen, 40. Country musician Dave Haywood (Lady A), 39. Rock musician Nick O’Malley (Arctic Monkeys), 36. Actor Jason Dolley, 30. California Angels pitcher and designated hitter Shohei Ohtani, 27.

Thought for today: “Without promotion something terrible happens: Nothing!”

— P.T. Barnum, American showman (born this date 1810, died 1891)