UC should keep ACT, SAT
For months, the University of California has been beset by the threat of a lawsuit from parents of minority students and others supposedly looking out for their interests, who insist the UC system’s use of national standardized tests in its admission process is discriminatory. Really? The claim propounded by lawyers for the Compton Unified School District, several students and five nonprofits is the SAT and ACT exams taken by millions of high schoolers across the nation aren’t fair to minorities and children of the poor.
They assert test performances closely correlate with family incomes, parent education levels and race. That’s undoubtedly correct: Higher income families often seek classes and other educational opportunities for their children outside school programs and frequently arrange prep courses for their kids before they take the exams.
Yes, the College Board, which runs the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) and the American College Testing (ACT) program have changed their exams, making them less likely to favor the economically privileged and white or Asian-american kids.
But nothing prevents mostly-minority school districts like Compton from designing test preparation courses of their own, specially targeted to overcome whatever disadvantages they believe their students might have. These classes could be offered free to everyone expected to take either test within two years of the class’s opening date. So far, only a few such publicly-funded classes exist, but where they do, student performances improved.
Reality is public schools can’t force parents greater than normal interest in their kids’ education. Numerous studies show the more educated parents are, the more they participate in parent-teacher activities at their children’s schools and the more assiduous they are about making sure their children do homework and attend school reliably.
For sure, kids who form bad study and attendance habits from an early age almost always fare worse than others on the SAT and ACT.
And what about the claim the use of the tests as a factor in UC admissions amounts to racial and economic discrimination? It’s no more discriminatory than the university system’s concurrent use of grade point averages, essays and class rankings, where parental education and financial standing also usually correlate with better performance.
None of this will satisfy the anti-test advocates. Their unspoken aim: They would essentially like to see UC dumbed down so more people can enjoy the prestige and the privileged assumptions that go with a diploma from one of America’s preeminent public universities.
One official of the Oakland-based Equal Justice Society told a reporter “The SAT has built-in biases that ultimately derail the college aspirations of thousands of hardworking students of color who would thrive in college and make important contributions to the UC community and beyond. The test serves no purpose other than to act as a barrier to higher education for historically disadvantaged students.”
If there are some discriminatory aspects, they may include the fact language dialects some students use at home don’t jibe well with word usage on the test. This could be overcome by test-prep courses if they were widely offered by public schools in disadvantaged areas. That could be one constructive use of the extra money the state has sent to schools with large numbers of poor kids under programs begun by ex-gov. Jerry Brown six years ago. But few districts have done this.
And there’s ample evidence the SAT and ACT usually serve their stated purpose: test results usually predict college performance by the test takers.
At the same time, it doesn’t seem to matter to opponents of standardized exams what the testing companies do to make their exams less sensitive to privilege and parental interest. Both firms have redesigned test questions with this factor in mind, but couldn’t stem the complaints.
The bottom line: In a climate where several UC chancellors and other top officials say they’re open to abandoning the tests, a UC committee is to report in early spring on what the elite system should do. Whatever it does, UC must take care to avoid anything that might undermine its high standing, which draws top faculty and students from around the world.