Beginner’s vocabulary

Plant the seeds directly in the garden.

Set plants in the garden: Plant seedlings.

Rootstock: A dormant section of root and plant base.

Pot up: Transplant the seedling into a larger container when it becomes too big.  Peas: Best sown in place. Until they are 3 to 4 inches tall, protect seedlings from slugs and birds with polyester row cover. Plant peas next to a sturdy trellis on which they are to climb; even bush varieties will appreciate support. Snap peas or snow peas are a better crop for a small garden than shelling peas are. Choose varieties resistant to powdery mildew.

 Arugula: Sow seed in place. It’s easy to grow and can be harvested by the leaf for several weeks. (The flavor of cooked arugula is mild; saute briefly and serve with pasta.)

 Parsley: In cold weather, growing your own seedlings inside will be more satisfactory because the seeds are slow to germinate, and inside temperature will speed them up a bit. Plant flat-leaf varieties to use in cooking. Let plants flower to attract beneficial insects, and let them drop seed that will regrow in your garden.

 Cilantro: Direct sow seed in the garden. Seedlings come up in pairs; cut one off if you have plenty of seedlings. Choose varieties that are advertised as “slow to bolt.” When plants do bolt (form flowering stems), you can still eat any tender parts, including the flowers. If plants bloom and drop ripe seeds, they may regrow and give you another harvest.

'Snow Crown' cauliflower for the winter garden. Direct sow or sow in place: