Why stakes are high on Global Plastics Treaty

This year Earth Day marked the start of the fourth round of negotiations for a Global Plastics Treaty. Without much public fanfare, delegates from 175 countries together with hundreds of observers representing industry, academia, health organizations and environmental groups have gathered in Ottawa to chart the course for the future of plastics and plastic pollution.

The stakes could not be higher.

Plastics have been linked to serious health problems, including cancer, lung disease and birth defects. Recently researchers found that individuals with heart disease that had microplastics, those tiny particles that pervade our environment, in their tissue had twice the risk of suffering a heart attack or stroke or death within three years. Babies, because of their increased exposure to plastics and vulnerability are especially at risk.

Humans are not the only ones at risk — more than one million marine creatures are estimated to be killed by plastics in garbage each year. Eleven million metric tons of plastic waste are flowing into the ocean each year. The WHO report, “Tobacco: Poisoning our Planet,” describes the significant risks presented from the 4.5 trillion discarded cigarette butts. Cigarette filters based on cellulose-acetatebased don't degrade and continue harming the environment as microplastics circulate in our marine and freshwater systems. They also release nicotine, heavy metals and other chemicals which threaten not only coastal fishing communities but also those who consume seafood products.

Moreover, plastics are irrefutably fueling the climate change crisis.

Over 90% of plastics are produced from fossil fuels and 4% of total greenhouse gas emissions are generated in connection with the production, conversion and waste management of plastics. And plastics-related emissions are projected to more than double by 2060. With low income and communities of color disproportionately located near petrochemical plants, as well plastic production and waste incineration facilities, they are especially at risk for the harmful environmental and health impacts.

The scale of the problem is only expected to grow. Experts predict that global production of thermoplastics will increase to 445.25 million metric tons in 2025 and continue to increase by more than 30% by 2050.

Contrary to decades of industry promotion, recycling is not the answer to the plastics challenge. According to a comprehensive analysis and report by Greenpeace, even though the industry has been pushing recycling since the 1990's, “the vast majority of U.S. plastic waste is still not recyclable.” Even new recycling technologies, such as chemical recycling, can produce toxic emissions and hazardous waste.

The Global Plastics Treaty negotiations offer a chance to chart a sustainable course for our planet. We are at the crossroads of moving forward a treaty that will call for significant reductions not only in single use plastics but also reduce the overall amount of plastics produced and demand full transparency in the industry.

So far, the prospects for a strong treaty are uncertain at best. The so-called “Like Minded Group” representing many fossil fuel countries are advocating for a focus on waste management rather than production limits. The details of the potentially influential U.S. position remain undeclared - ironically when the Administration is touting its leadership in addressing climate change and promoting environmental justice.

To turn the political tide in Ottawa, we need to take a lesson from the first Earth Day when grassroots activism in the form of 20 million people from all walks of life taking to the streets sparked the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency, and the first generation of environmental laws. It's time to demand that our elected leaders forge a treaty that will free us and our planet from the scourge of plastic and plastic pollution.