Committee lays death penalty measure to rest
Party-line vote tabled measure after dozens testified against proposal
When Juan Melendez was on Florida’s death row for a murder conviction, his mother built an altar with a statue of the Virgin of Guadalupe surrounded by roses. She said five rosaries a day, asking for a miracle to exonerate him and bring him home safely. She also wrote Melendez a letter saying, “Have faith, put your trust in God and that miracle will happen. One day, you will be free.”
It took 17 years, but the miracle happened. Melendez, 65, now living in Albuquerque, was freed in 2002 after the real killer came forward. Melendez said the letter gave him hope, but he didn’t know then that his mother was saving money to return his body to Puerto Rico after his execution.
“No mother should ever have to go through that,” Melendez said Sunday to a committee of the state House of Representatives that considered a bill to
reinstate the death penalty in New Mexico. “I think she suffered more than I did.”
Democrats on the House Consumer and Public Affairs Committee blocked the death penalty bill after hearing from Melendez and about two dozen other opponents of capital punishment.
As expected, the committee voted 3-2 on party lines to table the measure, effectively killing House Bill 72, sponsored by Rep. Monica Youngblood, R-Albuquerque.
Her bill would have allowed for the death penalty in cases involving the murder of a child or law enforcement officer.
Explaining the bill, Youngblood said it was aimed at “the evil in our society that would hurt a child in this way.” New Mexico recently has been the scene of several high-profile murders of children, including 10-year-old Victoria Martens of Albuquerque in August 2016 and 9-year-old Ashlynn Mike, who was found dead in Shiprock in May 2016.
Youngblood said the question of capital punishment being a deterrent to crime is arguable. But she pointed to an October 2016 Albuquerque Journal poll that said a large majority of New Mexicans support bringing back the death penalty.
Hobbs District Attorney Dianna Luce, Youngblood’s expert witness, listed several murderers in the state who received the death penalty, but added that only one person has been executed in New Mexico in more than 50 years. That was child killer Terry Clark in 2001.
Luce also said, “New Mexico is the best place in the U.S. to be a criminal” because “our laws are not as strong as [other states].”
Shortly before the committee’s vote, Melendez told The New Mexican he doubts the state will ever bring back the death penalty.
“New Mexico does not deserve a law that costs that much money,” he said. “New Mexico does not deserve a law that does not deter crime. New Mexico does not deserve a law that is racist,” he said, referring to the fact that blacks and Hispanics are more likely to receive a death sentence than are whites convicted of murder.
“You always have the risk of convicting an innocent man,” Melendez said, adding that you can release someone from prison but you can’t release someone from the grave.
Melendez also appeared before the New Mexico Legislature in 2009, the year it repealed the death penalty.
For seven years after that, the Legislature made no serious attempt to reinstate capital punishment. But last year, during a special session that began in late September, Gov. Susana Martinez put the death penalty on the agenda. The governor had initially said she wanted a one-day special session to resolve a budget deficit.
The House of Representatives, then controlled by Republicans, passed the death penalty bill on a party-line vote following a grueling six-hour hearing that began in the predawn hours. The Senate, with Democrats in the majority, ignored the House bill.
Critics of Martinez said the sole reason for the death penalty being considered during the special session was for political purposes. House members advanced the death penalty bill just a month before the general election. Indeed, even before the House vote in early October, Republicans were sending mailers blasting Democrats for voting against the death penalty.
After the House committee killed the death penalty bill Sunday, Ben Baur, the state’s chief public defender, told The New Mexican, “I’m pleased that we’re not imposing new burdens on the state — financial burdens that would not do anything to reduce crime.”
A fiscal analysis by the Legislative Finance Committee of HB 72 said reinstating executions could cost the state up to $7.2 million a year over a three-year period.
The cost to incarcerate one person sentenced to the death penalty is $51,100 a year, the study says.
In the analysis, the Administrative Office of the Courts estimated that a death penalty jury trial would cost $12,000 to $17,000 more than a non-death penalty case. More jury costs would be incurred because, after finding someone guilty in a death penalty case, a jury would have to determine whether to impose capital punishment.
Youngblood said these figures represented a “worst-case scenario.”