TODAY IN HISTORY

Germany’s Weimar Constitution was signed by President Friedrich Ebert.

On Aug. 11, 1919,

President Harry S. Truman nominated General Omar N. Bradley to become the first chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

In 1949,

abstract painter Jackson Pollock, 44, died in an automobile accident on Long Island, New York.

In 1956,

the African country of Chad became independent of France.

In 1960,

the Beatles movie “A Hard Day’s Night” had its U.S. premiere in New York.

In 1964,

rioting and looting that claimed 34 lives broke out in the predominantly

In 1965,

black Watts section of Los Angeles.

at the Los Angeles Olympics, American runner Mary Decker fell after colliding with South African-born British competitor Zola Budd in the 3,000-meter final; Budd finished seventh.

In 1984,

Shiite Muslim kidnappers in Lebanon released two Western captives: Edward Tracy, an American held nearly five years, and Jerome Leyraud, a Frenchman who’d been abducted by a rival group three days earlier.

In 1991,

the Mall of America, the nation’s largest shopping-entertainment center, opened in Bloomington, Minnesota.

In 1992,

President Bill Clinton named Army Gen. John Shalikashvili to be the new chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, succeeding the retiring Gen. Colin Powell.

In 1993,

President Bill Clinton made the first use of the historic line-item veto, rejecting three items in spending and tax bills. (However, the U.S. Supreme Court later struck down the veto as unconstitutional.)

In 1997,

Republican presidential contender Mitt Romney announced his choice of Rep. Paul Ryan of Wisconsin to be his running mate.

Also: Usain Bolt capped his perfect London Olympics by leading Jamaica to victory in a world-record 36.84 seconds in the 4x100 meters.

In 2012,

a federal judge ordered Charlottesville, Virginia, to allow a weekend rally of white nationalists and other extremists to take place at its originally planned location downtown.

(Violence erupted at the rally, and a woman was killed when a man plowed his car into a group of counterprotesters.)

In 2017,