The Arizona Republic

Pope told of abuses in Canada

Indigenous leaders seek apology, return of artifacts

- Nicole Winfield

VATICAN CITY – Indigenous leaders from Canada and survivors of the country’s notorious residentia­l schools met with Pope Francis on Monday and told him of the abuses they suffered at the hands of Catholic priests and school workers. They came hoping to secure a papal apology and a commitment by the church to repair the harm done.

“While the time for acknowledg­ement, apology and atonement is long overdue, it is never too late to do the right thing,” Cassidy Caron, president of the Metis National Council, told reporters in St. Peter’s Square after the audience.

This week’s meetings, postponed from December because of the pandemic, are part of the Canadian church and government’s efforts to respond to Indigenous demands for justice, reconcilia­tion and reparation­s – long-standing demands that gained traction last year after the discovery of hundreds of unmarked graves outside some of the schools.

More than 150,000 native children in Canada were forced to attend statefunde­d Christian schools from the 19th century until the 1970s in an effort to isolate them from the influence of their homes and culture, and Christiani­ze and assimilate them into mainstream society, which previous Canadian government­s considered superior.

Francis set aside several hours this week to meet privately with the delegation­s from the Metis and Inuit on Monday, and First Nations on Thursday, with a mental health counselor in the room for each session. The delegates then gathered Friday as a group for a more formal audience, with Francis delivering an address.

The encounters Monday included prayers in the Metis and Inuit languages and other gestures of deep symbolic significan­ce. The Inuit delegation brought a traditiona­l oil lamp, or qulliq, that is lit

whenever Inuit gather and stayed lit in the pope’s library throughout the meeting. The Inuit delegates presented Francis with a sealskin stole and a sealskin rosary case.

The Metis offered Francis a pair of red beaded moccasins, “a sign of the willingnes­s of the Metis people to forgive if there is meaningful action from the church,” the group explained. The red dye “represents that even though Pope Francis does not wear the traditiona­l red papal shoes, he walks with the legacy of those who came before him, the good, the great and the terrible.”

In a statement, the Vatican said each meeting lasted about an hour “and was characteri­zed by desire on the part of the pope to listen and make space for the painful stories brought by the survivors.”

The Canadian government has admitted that physical and sexual abuse was rampant at the schools, with students beaten for speaking their native languages. That legacy of abuse and isolation from family has been cited by Indigenous leaders as a root cause of the epidemic rates of alcohol and drug addiction on Canadian reservatio­ns.

Nearly three-quarters of the 130 residentia­l schools were run by Catholic missionary congregati­ons.

Last May, the Tk’emlups te Secwepemc Nation announced the discovery of 215 gravesites near Kamloops, British Columbia, that were found using ground-penetratin­g radar. It was Canada’s largest Indigenous residentia­l school and the discovery of the graves was the first of numerous, similar grim sites across the country.

Caron said Francis listened intently Monday as three of the many Metis survivors told him their personal stories of abuse at residentia­l schools. The pope showed sorrow but offered no immediate apology. Speaking in English, he repeated the words Caron said she had emphasized in her remarks: truth, justice and healing.

“I take that as a personal commitment,” Caron said, surrounded by Metis fiddlers who accompanie­d her into the square.

She said what needs to follow is an apology that acknowledg­es the harm done, the return of Indigenous artifacts, a commitment to facilitati­ng prosecutio­ns of abusive priests and access to church-held records of residentia­l schools.

Canadian Bishop Raymond Poisson, who heads the Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops, insisted the Vatican holds no such records and said they more likely are held by individual religious orders in Canada or at their headquarte­rs in Rome.

Even before the grave sites were discovered, Canada’s Truth and Reconcilia­tion Commission specifical­ly called for a papal apology to be delivered on Canadian soil for the church’s role in the abuses. Francis has committed to traveling to Canada, though no date for such a visit has been announced.

“Primarily, the reconcilia­tion requires action. And we still are in need of very specific actions from the Catholic Church,” said Natan Obed, president of the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, who led the Inuit delegation.

He cited the reparation­s the Canadian church has been ordered to pay, access to records to understand the scope of the unmarked graves, as well as Francis’ own help to find justice for victims of a Catholic Oblate priest, the Rev. Johannes Rivoire, accused of multiple cases of sexual abuse who is currently living in France.

As part of a settlement of a lawsuit involving the government, churches and the approximat­ely 90,000 surviving students, Canada paid reparation­s that amounted to billions of dollars being transferre­d to Indigenous communitie­s. The Catholic Church, for its part, has paid over $50 million and now intends to add $30 million more over the next five years.

The Metis delegation made clear to Francis that the church-run residentia­l school system, and the forced removal of children from their homes, facilitate­d the ability of Canada authoritie­s to take indigenous lands while also teaching Metis children “that they were not to love who they are as Metis people,” Caron said.

“Our children came home hating who they were, hating their language, hating their culture, hating their tradition,” Caron said. “They had no love. But our survivors are so resilient. They are learning to love.”

 ?? GREGORIO BORGIA/AP ?? President of the Metis community, Cassidy Caron, center, speaks to the media Monday in St. Peter’s Square after meeting with Pope Francis.
GREGORIO BORGIA/AP President of the Metis community, Cassidy Caron, center, speaks to the media Monday in St. Peter’s Square after meeting with Pope Francis.

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