What’s gone wrong with Brexit?

Negotiations between the U.K. and the European Union were expected to be long, difficult and acrimonious at times. And that’s been the case.

Upon the departure of David Cameron, Theresa May became prime minister, promising to honor the outcome of the referendum. But four years of working on a Brexit plan resulted in a deal that her own parliament rejected.

May was replaced by the Conservative party’s Boris Johnson, who ran on a platform of “Get Brexit Done.”

Johnson’s work resulted in an official Brexit in December. But there are still a number of issues that are still being worked out.

Movement of goods

The agreement Johnson hammered out last year avoids British manufacturers having to pay duties and taxes on goods they export to Europe, but imposes new delays in shipping goods and supplies.

The British government now expects the country’s economic output to be 4% lower over the next 15 years than it would be if the U.K.

were still part of the EU. If that comes to pass, that’s not likely to make folks in the U.K. very happy: They had hoped for a free-trade-fueled economic boom following Brexit.

Movement of people

For decades, British citizens have enjoyed the freedom to travel among EU nations without a passport and even to move to member nations and work there without a work visa.

Fourteen members of the EU have granted automatic residency to British citizens who have been living in those countries. But that leaves up to 100,000 British citizens in the other 13 countries needing to apply for visas or risk becoming unauthorized immigrants.

Reportedly, there has not been a rush to apply. Officials have theorized these British citizens simply aren’t aware of the deadline or the consequences.

The fishing industry

One of the original selling points of Brexit involved a possible revival of Britain’s shrinking fishing industry.

But while membership in the EU meant British fishing boats had to share their territory with European boats, there were also benefits: Selling their catch in Europe was quick and easy.

But exporting seafood will be more difficult now after Brexit and, more importantly, will take more time.

Northern Ireland

Northern Ireland was a particular sticking point during Brexit negotiations — mostly because it shares 310 miles of land border with Ireland proper, which did not leave the EU.

For now, duty-free shipping between the EU and Northern Ireland is continuing. However, the U.K. placed new procedures for shipments between Northern Ireland and the rest of Britain, which have resulted in much longer delays than anticipated.

Scotland

While much of England supported Brexit in the 2016 referendum, 60% of those in Scotland voted to remain in the EU.

There’s always the threat that Scotland may vote to perform a Brexit of its own and rejoin the EU. Any such vote would have to be approved by Johnson — and he’s not likely to do that.

GARETH FULLER/ASSOCIATED PRESS Trucks — they call them lorries there — were backed up trying to enter the Channel Tunnel from England to France after French customs workers protested in March over the effect Brexit will have on cross-channel shipping.