Biden steps out of the room and gains series of advances
Shift in strategy removes him from Senate dealings
WASHINGTON — Over five decades in Washington, Joe Biden knew that the way to influence was to be in the room where it happens. But in the second year of his presidency, some of Biden’s most striking, legacy-defining legislative victories came about by staying out of it.
A summer lawmaking blitz has sent bipartisan bills addressing gun violence and boosting the nation’s high-tech manufacturing sector to Biden’s desk, and the president is now on the cusp of securing what he called the “final piece” of his economic agenda with Senate passage of a Democrats-only climate and prescription drug deal once thought dead. And in a counterintuitive turn for the president who has long promoted his decades of Capitol Hill experience, Biden’s aides chalk up his victories to the fact that he’s been publicly playing the role of cheerleader rather than legislative quarterback.
“In a 50-50 Senate, it’s just true that when the White House takes ownership over a topic, it scares off a lot of Republicans,” said Senator Chris Murphy, Democrat of Connecticut. “I think all of this is purposeful. When you step back and let Congress lead, and then apply pressure and help at the right times, it can be a much more effective strategy to get things done.”
Democrats and the White House hope the run of legislative victories, both bipartisan and not, just four months before the November elections will help resuscitate their political fortunes by showing voters what they can accomplish with even the slimmest of majorities.
Biden opened 2022 with his legislative agenda at a standstill, poll numbers on the decline, and a candid admission that he had made a “mistake” in how he carried himself in the role.
“The public doesn’t want me to be the ‘President-Senator,’” he said. “They want me to be the president and let senators be senators.”
Letting the senators be senators was no easy task for Biden, whose political and personal identities are rooted in his formative years spent in that chamber. He spent 36 years as a senator from Delaware, and eight more as the Senate’s president when he was valued for his Capitol Hill relationships and insights as Barack Obama’s vice president.
In the estimation of many of his aides and advisers, leaving the Senate behind was key to his subsequent success. The heightened expectations for Democrats, who hold precarious majorities in Congress but nonetheless have unified control of Washington, were dragging Biden down among his supporters who wanted more ambitious action.
In the spring of 2021, Biden made a big show of negotiating directly with Senator Shelley Moore Capito, Republican of West Virginia, on an infrastructure bill, only to have the talks collapse. At the same time, a separate bipartisan group had been quietly meeting on its own, discussing how to overhaul the nation’s transportation, water, and broadband systems. After the White House gave initial approval and then settled the final details with senators, that became the version that was shepherded into law.
The president next tried to strike a deal on a social spending and climate package with Senator Joe Manchin, going as far as inviting the West Virginia lawmaker to his home in Wilmington, Del., until the conservative Democrat abruptly pulled the plug on the talks in a Fox News interview. Manchin would later pick up the negotiations again, this time with just Senate majority leader Chuck Schumer, Democrat of New York, and the two would eventually reach an agreement that is now on the verge of approval after more than a year of legislative wrangling.
In late 2021, White House aides persuaded the president to clam up about his conversations with the Hill as part of a deliberate shift to move negotiations on his legislative agenda out of the public eye.
The new approach drew criticism from the press, but the White House wagered that the public was not invested in the details and would reward the outcomes.
Biden and his team “have been using the bully pulpit and closely working with Congress," said White House spokesman Andrew Bates. The aim is "to achieve what could soon be the most productive legislative record of any president" since Lyndon Johnson.
Some of the shift, White House aides said, also reflected the changing dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic, which kept Biden in Washington for most of 2021; his meetings with lawmakers amounted to one of the few ways to show he was working.
In time, Biden’s decision to embrace a facilitating role rather than being negotiator in chief — which had achieved mixed success — began to pay off: the first substantive gun restrictions in nearly three decades, a measure to boost domestic production of semiconductor computer chips, and care for veterans exposed to toxic burn pits.
White House officials credit Biden’s emotional speech after the school shooting in Uvalde, Texas, with helping to galvanize lawmakers to act on gun violence — and even his push for more extensive measures than made it into the bill with giving the GOP space to reach a compromise. And they point to a steady cadence of speeches over months emphasizing the need to lower prescription drug costs or to act on climate with keeping those issues in the national conversation amid the legislative fits and starts.
Lawmakers say that Biden removing himself directly from the negotiations empowered senators to reach consensus among themselves, without the distraction of a White House that may have repeatedly pushed for something that would be unattainable with Republicans or could be viewed as compromising by some Democrats.
“In his heart, Joe is a US senator,” said Senator Jon Tester, Democrat of Montana, the chief Democratic author of the burn pits legislation who also helped hash out the infrastructure law last year.
“So he understands allowing this to work is how you get it done.”