The Day

AI is starting to pick who gets laid off

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Days after mass layoffs trimmed 12,000 jobs at Google, hundreds of former employees flocked to an online chatroom to commiserat­e about the seemingly erratic way they had suddenly been made redundant.

They swapped theories on how management had decided who got cut. Could a “mindless algorithm carefully designed not to violate any laws” have chosen who got the ax, one person wondered in a Discord post The Washington Post could not independen­tly verify.

Google says there was “no algorithm involved” in their job cut decisions. But former employees are not wrong to wonder, as a fleet of artificial intelligen­ce tools become ingrained in office life. Human resources managers use machine learning software to analyze millions of employment related data points, churning out recommenda­tions of who to interview, hire, promote or help retain.

But as Silicon Valley’s fortunes turn, that software is likely dealing with a more daunting task: helping decide who gets cut, according to human resources analysts and workforce experts.

A January survey of 300 human resources leaders at U.S. companies revealed that 98 percent of them say software and algorithms will help them make layoff decisions this year. And as companies lay off large swaths of people — with cuts creeping into the five digits — it’s hard for humans to execute alone.

Big firms, from technology titans to companies that make household goods often use software to find the “right person” for the “right project,” according to Joseph Fuller, a professor at Harvard’s business school who co-leads its Managing the Future of Work initiative.

These products build a “skills inventory,” a powerful database on employees that helps managers identify what kinds of work experience­s, certificat­ions and skill-sets are associated with high performers for various job titles.

These same tools can help in layoffs. “They suddenly are just being used differentl­y,” Fuller added, “because that’s the place where people have ... a real ... inventory of skills.”

Human resource companies have taken advantage of the artificial intelligen­ce boom. Companies, such as Eightfold AI, use algorithms to analyze billions of data points scraped from online career profiles and other skills databases, helping recruiters find candidates whose applicatio­ns might not otherwise surface.

Since the 2008 recession, human resources department­s have become “incredibly data driven,” said Brian Westfall, a senior HR analyst at Capterra, a software review site. Turning to algorithms can be particular­ly comforting for some managers while making tricky decisions such as layoffs, he added.

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