DNA techniques come under fire

NEW YORK» Two techniques for analyzing DNA evidence that were once considered cutting edge are now under fire amid questions about their reliability, and criminal defense attorneys in New York have asked a state agency to investigate the renowned lab that once used both methods.

The New York City medical examiner’s lab developed one of the techniques and became a leader in sophisticated DNA examinations partly because of its work identifying the remains of 9/11 victims.

Both techniques have been phased out in favor of new technology. But the lab says it’s used its forensic statistical tool developed in-house in 1,350 cases over the past six years and used what’s called low copy number analysis in about 3,450 cases over the past 11 years.

Attorneys for the Legal Aid Society and Federal Defenders of New York asked the New York State inspector general’s office to investigate in a Sept. 1 letter.

Legal Aid Society attorney Julie Fry said low copy number analysis is “like making a copy of a copy of a copy. Eventually it’s going to be faded.”

“And with FST, it’s a computer program. We don’t have access to the code — and we can’t tell if it’s accurate or not. We don’t know what’s in the black box,” she said.

The groups say the medical examiner’s office recognized there were problems and quietly corrected them without notifying anyone of potential wrong matches. The lawyers also say they believe the lab manipulated data while testing the low copy number technique, and made false statements on methodology to the Commission on Forensic Sciences, which oversees labs in the state.

“The consequences of dishonest work are severe, innocent people may be wrongly convicted, and people guilty of serious crimes may go free,” the attorneys wrote.

Chief Medical Examiner Dr. Barbara Sampson wrote in a post on the website Medium that the two methods were discarded to meet changing FBI requirements and to reflect new, better science, and were not phased out because of inaccurate results.