7 ways the coronavirus pandemic has changed how we shop for food
When the coronavirus hit, even the most enthusiastic cooks had to adjust to a new, more complicated relationship with their kitchens.
For the first time in a generation, Americans began spending more money at the supermarket than at places where someone else made the food. Grocers saw eight years of projected sales growth packed into one month. Shopping trends that were in their infancy were turbocharged.
The six- month shift has been a behavioral scientist’s dream. Shoppers began by building bomb- shelter pantries. Then came a nostalgia phase, with bowls of Lucky Charms and boxes of Little Debbies offering throwback comfort. Soon, days were defined by elaborate culinary stunts, sourdough starter and kombucha clubs.
Although kitchen fatigue is setting in
many, a new set of kitchen habits have been set.
“People are moving on to more complex cooking, and we don’t see that going away,” said Rodney McMullen, chairman and chief executive of Kroger, where sales rose 30% at the onset of the pandemic, including big jumps in the pasta aisles, the beer and wine department, and baking supplies, including a 600% jump in sales of yeast.
He and others in the business say the COVID- driven return to the kitchen could change grocery shopping forever.
“This is a pivotal time in our history,” said Anna Nagurney, a professor in the Isenberg School of Management at the University of Massachusetts who studies supply chains. “Not all of what we’ve seen will stick, but a lot of it will.”
Here are seven ways the pandemic has already changed the way Americans shop for food:
Trips are fewer, lists are better. The need to avoid infection has taught people how to get by on fewer trips to the store and to make good shopping lists.
“People now go to the store with purpose,” said John Owen, associate director for food and retail with Mintel, the market analysis group. “The number of trips went way down, and the size of the basket went way up in April. We have eased back on that, but not by much.”
Before the coronavirus, 19% of Americans shopped for food more than three times a week, according to a study by management firm McKinsey & Co. That number dropped to 10% by June.
“My typical grocery shopping before the pandemic was very much ‘ I am going to decide today what I feel like making for dinner tonight, and stop on the way home and get what I need,’ ” said Lizzie Bowman, 39, a marketing director at American Public Media who lives in Minneapolis.
She has streamlined her shopping to once a week. “It’s more of a stock- up, but not a crazy kind of hoarding stock- up.”
Online aisles are bustling. A year ago, 81% of shoppers surveyed by Gallup said they never turned to the internet for groceries. Online shopping was lolling at around 3% of all grocery sales, or about $ 1.2 billion, according to a survey by Brick Meets Click/ Mercatus. But in June, online grocery sales in the United
States hit $ 7.2 billion.
“There are millions of people who have gotten used to cooking,” said McMullen, 60, the Kroger chairman. “They’ve found out they enjoyed it, and they’ve gotten used to tech and are understanding the benefits.”
The race for their dollars is on. In a challenge to Amazon Prime, Walmart last week announced a new $ 98- a- year subscription service that offers same- day delivery on 160,000 items. Instacart is more than doubling its workforce, and new services like Rosie are popping up.
Roxanne Wyss and her work partner Kathy Moore, professional cooks in their 60s who live about 25 miles apart in the Kansas City area, are two unlikely converts to online food shopping. With recipes for two cookbooks to test and no desire to risk infection, they began to shop online in the spring. Neither dreamed that it would be 3 ½ months until they stepped back into a supermarket.
They have found ways to work the angles online. Developing a texting relationship with whoever picks out their groceries helps assure they get the quality they expect. Some stores deliver more reliably than others. Curbside pickup lets them avoid the extra costs that come with delivfor ery from services like Instacart.
Now they’re back in the store, where they enjoy browsing for new products and communing with other shoppers. And, of course, it’s always better to pick your own produce.
Still, they consider themselves permanent converts to online shopping. “If there is a surge in the virus, we will return to ordering everything online,”
Moore said. “And it will be wonderful to turn to online when the weather is treacherous.”
Orange is the new snack. Produce sales have been riding high since March and are still up 11% from a year earlier, said Joe Watson, a vice president at the Produce Marketing Association. But one item is a real outlier: oranges.
In May, grocers sold 73% more oranges than during the same month in 2019. Even into July, sales remained 52% higher than a year before.
“Oranges were a surprise, but they are popular from an immunity standpoint,” Watson said. They also last longer than some other fruit, which matters when people are going to the store less often, he said.
Sales in the category that grocers call “natural products” were growing before the pandemic, but they blew up when it arrived. By mid- March, they were up 78% over the year before, according to market research firm IRI.
“Consumers are very cognizant about doing what it takes to stay healthy,” said Shelley Balanko, a senior vice president at the Hartman Group, a consumer research company. “We think the trend is going to stick around because people just really can’t afford to get sick, on a variety of levels.”
Redrawing the store. Pandemic shopping has ushered in wider aisles, new methods of sanitation and less- crowded stores. And shoppers want these changes to stay.
“It became clear to me pretty early on which stores were being thoughtful and which were not,” said Bowman, the Minneapolis shopper, who spent almost 10 years working in the marketing department of General Mills. “I look at everything. I am a real nerd in the grocery store, so store optics matter a lot to me.”
Health concerns have also accelerated the growth in payment apps and self- checkout. Walmart is testing a new system that replaces traditional checkout lines with an open plaza ringed by 34 terminals. Shoppers can scan their purchases or wave down an employee to do the scanning for them.
Kroger intends to double down on customer choice, offering an array of options including self- checkout stations and an app that allows consumers to scan and pay as they shop, as well as traditional cashiers.
Choices are shrinking. After decades in which American supermarkets expanded to offer a dizzying selection of products and brands, they are pulling back on variety.
There are no more free samples ( a health risk) and fewer specialty promotions. Shoppers, intent on getting in and out quickly, are sticking to items they already know. Online shoppers, guided by algorithms and autofill, are less likely to make impulse purchases.
Grocers have found that they can still do a brisk business with fewer choices. Displays at the end of aisles are more likely to hold bulk packages of staples than new products looking to break into the market. Instead of offering both conventional and organic leeks, for example, a store may stock only the organic, Watson said. By reducing choices, stores can more easily surf the ups and downs of the supply chain, which are also limiting what’s available.
Shoppers are being more economical. Retailers report more interest in house brands. In a July study by the Food Industry Association, 3 in 10 shoppers said they were buying more store brands than before the pandemic, a quirk that grocery analysts say will likely become a habit, especially if the economy worsens.
The freezer is hot. Frozen food is another surprise breakout. Sales initially jumped by 94% in March from a year earlier, according to the American Frozen Food Institute. That initial rush abated, but even in August, sales remained up almost 18%. Costco, whose sales are up 15% over August a year ago, attributes some of the growth to strong frozen food sales.
At first, shoppers were loading their freezers in what some in the grocery business politely refer to as “the initial pantry filling.” For some consumers, frozen fruit and vegetables became a less expensive and more reliable alternative to fresh. And then there was a simple reality: Some days it is just easier to pull a meal from the freezer.
“Local” is a bigger lure. The fragility of the supply chain, concerns over health and safety, and an appreciation of community have buoyed the movement toward food that is raised or produced locally.
Moore and Wyss both began ordering deliveries of eggs and milk from a local dairy, and they split a quarter of beef. There are waiting lists for community- supported agriculture subscriptions. Struggling restaurants have turned into provisioners. Grocers are teaming up with chefs to sell meal kits. Locally grown produce is selling out quickly.
It’s all part of a greater awareness about healthy eating, food waste and climate change, as well as a desire to keep money in the neighborhood.