Workers want to retire but just can’t get away

Part of the reason is worrying about finances after retirement, but employers are also reluctant to lose the experience and know-how of longtime employees

Roberton Williams’ plan was to retire on his government pension and take a part-time job to make up the difference in salary. It didn’t quite work out that way.

Williams, 68, did retire but then started another full-time job with the Tax Policy Center, a Washington, D.C., think tank.

“The plan was to work full time just until I got my feet wet,” Williams said. “But I ended up working full time for the next nine years.”

He’s far from an aberration. Many aging baby boomers are caught between a desire to work less and a labor market that just isn’t ready to let them go.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17.7 percent of people 65 and older are still working in some capacity, compared with 11.7 percent in 1995.

Of course, part of this increase could be due to a growing fear felt by many Americans about lack of financial security during retirement. Survey data have shown that fears about outliving one’s savings are factoring into retirement planning. That is prompting 34 percent of workers age 60 or more to say they plan on working until they die or are too sick to work, according to a recent Wells Fargo survey.

Some workers just want a gradual transition, whether for financial reasons or just to keep working jobs where they can still contribute and help train the next generation.

Slightly more than 40 percent of U.S. workers hope to cut back hours or transition to a less demanding position before retirement, according to a 2015 report from the Transamerica Center for Retirement Studies.

One option offered by a small num- ber of employers is “phased retirement,” which allows retiring workers to go part time while also mentoring their incoming replacement, providing for a smoother transition. The Society for Human Resource Management puts the number at 8 percent.

In other cases, employers are eschewing formal arrangements in favor of short-term contracts.

“One thing we see is that employers are increasingly able to tap into a more flexible labor market, rather than going through formal HR structures,” says Jean Setzfand, AARP’s senior vice president of programs. “So having hard-and-fast rules for this can be difficult.”

For federal workers, Congress passed legislation in 2012 creating a phased-retirement program, and the Office of Personnel Management, or OPM, formalized the rules last year.

To date, OPM has finalized only 16 applications for phased retirement from workers at the Library of Congress, NASA, the Broadcasting Board of Governors and the Energy Department. It expects to soon receive 12 more from the Smithsonian Institution — that’s from a federal workforce where 45 percent of employees are age 50 or over.

Tancred Lidderdale, 62, is one of the initial 16 who chose phased retirement. He works for the Energy Department as an economic forecaster, applying highly complex mathematical models to oil and gas markets.

“I know our agency would miss me,” Lidderdale said. “They knew I was thinking about retirement and mentioned this option as a way to help pass on what I know before I leave.”

Lidderdale will work part time for the next two years. But, after nearly three years of waiting, many other federal workers are wondering if the program will arrive in time for them.

“We have people with over 35 years of experience waiting to retire here, and it’s a shame that many of them could walk out the door without the ability to pass that knowledge on,” said David Maxwell, 64, an air quality specialist with the Bureau of Land Management.

Sally Korth, 65, has spent almost 40 years in the health care industry. “I was working 60-70 hours a week, and one Christmas I was spending some time with my kids and grandchildren, and I just thought, ‘What am I doing?’ ”

So, Korth took a new job, for significantly less pay, and recently scaled back her hours to four days a week. “That extra day off is huge,” she says.

As for Roberton Williams, he hopes to cut back to four days a week next year — and then finally retire at 70, “whether I like it or not.”

“One thing we see is that employers are increasingly able to tap into a more flexible labor market, rather than going through formal HR structures.”

— Jean Setzfand, senior vice president of programs, AARP

MANUEL BALCE CENETA/ASSOCIATED PRESS Roberton Williams retired from his government job but then started a full-time job with the Tax Policy Center in Washington, D.C., where he’s worked for nine years. He hopes to cut back to four days a week and fully retire when he’s 70 years old.