Despite millions more in funds, quality of prison rehab programs questionable
Although California is spending millions of dollars on rehabilitation programs for prison inmates, there’s little evidence to show those programs are effective, according to a state audit.
In a report released recently, the state auditor’s office found that, while the budget for in-prison rehabilitation programs at the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) increased by $64 million between 2013 and 2019, recidivism rates have remained stubbornly high, with an average of 50 percent of inmates reoffending within three years.
An auditor’s analysis of one type of rehabilitation program, called cognitive behavioral therapy, found no significant difference in recidivism rates between inmates who completed such programs and those who didn’t.
The analysis also found that the CDCR didn’t ensure that cognitive behavioral therapy programs offered a consistent quality of care in all state prisons.
Part of the problem, State Auditor Elaine Howle wrote in a letter to legislators, is that CDCR hasn’t evaluated whether it’s placing inmates in appropriate programs, and many inmates are not having their rehabilitation needs met. Sixtytwo percent of the inmates released between July 2017 and June 2018 had none of their rehabilitative needs met.
“These results are serious enough to highlight an urgent need for Corrections to take a more active and meaningful role in ensuring that these programs are effective,” Howle wrote. “Because the Legislature provided Corrections with a significant budget increase so that it could expand rehabilitation programs to all prisons in the State, it is vital that Corrections demonstrate that the additional investment was worthwhile.”
CDCR spokesman Terri Hardy responded with a written statement that the department is taking the auditor’s findings seriously, and is already working to expand prison rehabilitation programs and improve their effectiveness.
“The data used in this analysis (2014-15) predates a significant expansion in rehabilitative programming as well as the implementation of new quality control tools to assess the effectiveness of these programs,” the statement said. “The Department is committed to building a strong model to measure our rehabilitative programs consistently and to continue enhancing public safety by ensuring our inmates have the skills and resources they need for a successful transition back to their communities.”
Assemblyman Reggie Jones-Sawyer, D-Los Angeles, who chairs the Assembly Public Safety Committee, said he requested the audit to get a snapshot of how the state’s prison reform efforts are working so far so that problems can be handled before even more money is invested.
“Californians have voted and authorized the state to put forward hundreds of millions of dollars toward rehabilitation and there’s no room to get it wrong, we have to get it right,” he said. “I want to know where are we so that we can improve, so we can have the best rehabilitation program, not just in the country but … in the world.”
Jones-Sawyer said he will be meeting with CDCR’s management to discuss the audit and how they plan to improve rehabilitation programs. He said he also wants to ensure that the next leader of the department is fully committed to ensuring rehabilitation efforts are successful.
“This is a long process, and we’re at the beginning of it,” he said. “If we start making corrections now, five years from now, 10 years from now, we’re going to look back at that audit and be really proud of how we’ve moved forward and improved the system.”
Lenore Anderson, who heads the prison reform advocacy group Californians for Safety and Justice, said the auditor’s findings point to a need to invest more money and effort in rehabilitation programs, not less.
“We are talking about a prison system that has not prioritized rehabilitation for many decades, and so turning that ship around will require a lot of work and a lot of change in culture and a lot of change in financial priorities and a lot of change in staffing,” she said. “We’re really trying to go from a punishment only approach to corrections to a rehabilitation approach to corrections, and that is both what voters want, it’s what many leaders want, and it’s also something that is going to take a lot more steps to achieve.”