The Mercury News

IRAs and losses

To inform, to amuse, and to help you make money

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QI have a Roth IRA. If I sell a stock in it at a loss, may I deduct the loss on my tax return? — G.H., St. Joseph, Michigan

ANope. In a regular taxable brokerage account, if your losses exceed your gains, you can offset up to $3,000 of income, carrying any excess forward to future years. But IRAs work differentl­y, and do not permit deducting losses.

IRAs offer other benefits, though. Traditiona­l IRAs give you an upfront tax break, letting you shrink your taxable income by the amount of your contributi­on. Roth IRAs, if you follow the rules, let you withdraw money in retirement tax-free. That can be a big deal if you’ve grown the account to be worth many thousands of dollars. Learn more about IRAs and retirement topics at Fool.com.

QWhat are NFTs?

— R.T., Lake City, Florida

ANon-fungible tokens (NFTs) are complicate­d, but in a nutshell, each NFT is a unique digital asset, representi­ng ownership of a specific asset. It’s recorded via blockchain technology, like cryptocurr­encies, but whereas one Bitcoin is interchang­eable with another (just as one dollar is interchang­eable with any other), there is only one of each NFT.

NFTs exist for a wide range of digital material, such as art and music (including GIFs and video clips), along with other collectibl­es. They’ve grown in prominence as more people have begun selling — and buying — NFTs. Twitter co-founder Jack Dorsey, for example, sold his first tweet, autographe­d, as an NFT for more than $2.9 million. The fact that the tweet merely says “just setting up my twttr” demonstrat­es that NFTs can seem very, well, speculativ­e. They’re probably best avoided by average investors. disclosed.

Many stocks soar at their IPOs only to retreat in the following months. It’s generally smart to avoid IPOs, giving the shares time to settle down. And once you invest in a company in which you have great faith, hang on — for a long time and through ups and downs. Facebook shares were recently up more than 800% from where they began trading.

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