Signers of the Treaty of Bird’s Fort

A new monument in Grapevine, a suburb of Dallas, features lifelike bronze sculptures of the signers of the Treaty of Bird’s Fort, an 1843 treaty that later opened up the area to white settlement. The city worked with tribal historians to compile extensive biographies about each Indigenous leader. Here are the leaders who are included in the monument:

❚ Caddi Ha-Iesh, also known as Chief Jose Maria, Anadarko

❚ Chief Hoyo Tubby, Biloxi

❚ Chief Red Bear, Caddo

❚ Chicken Trotter, Cherokee

❚ Ishtayakaat abi, also known as Captain Ishteukatubby, Chickasaw

❚ Pacondalinquaing, also known as Chief Roasting Ear, Delaware

❚ Chief Towaash, Ioni

❚ Kottanteek, also known as Chief Kateahtick, Keechi

❚ Chief Kechikaroqua, Tawakoni

❚ Chief Acahquash, Waco

❚ President Sam Houston, Republic of Texas