Recurrent Oral Herpes (Cold Sore/Fever Blister)

GOOD day frequent Health Promotion column readers. Today’s article may have caught your attention because the name “herpes” is often associated with sexually transmitted infection and rightfully so, the herpes virus are a group of sexually transmitted viruses.

However, the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1) which is the virus that causes oral herpes can be transmitted by many forms of non-sexual contact, in fact many of us are carriers (infected without showing symptoms) of the herpes simplex virus. In today’s article I will explain what exactly recurrent oral herpes is, what causes it, symptoms, treatment and prevention of its spread. What is Recurrent Oral Herpes? Oral Herpes infection of the mouth area is caused by the herpes simplex virus. It’s a common and contagious infection that spreads easily. In most countries just over half of the adult population are carriers. The infection causes blisters and sores on the lips, mouth, tongue or gums. After an initial infection, the virus stays dormant (inactive) inside the nerve cells of the face. Later on in life, the virus can reactivate and result in more sores. The herpes is recurrent when this happens. These are commonly known as cold sores or fever blisters.

Herpes simplex labialis is the result of a virus called herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The initial infection usually occurs before age 20. You can get the virus from close personal contact with someone who has the virus. You can also get oral herpes from touching objects where the virus may be present. These include towels, utensils, razors for shaving, and other shared items.

After the first infection, the virus lays dormant inside the nerve cells of the face for the rest of a person’s life. This means that symptoms aren’t always present. However, certain events can make the virus re-awaken and lead to a recurrent herpes infection. Events that trigger a recurrent infection of oral herpes might include: fever, menstruation, a high-stress event, fatigue, hormonal changes, upper respiratory infection (common cold and flu), extreme temperature, a weakened immune system, recent dental work or surgery among many others.

The primary infection may not cause symptoms at all. If it does, blisters may appear near or on the mouth within one to three weeks after your contact with the

virus. The blisters might last up to three weeks. In general, a recurrent episode is milder than the initial infection. Symptoms of a recurrent episode may include: blisters or sores on the mouth, lips, tongue, nose, or gums burning pain around the blisters tingling or itching near the lips outbreaks of several small blisters that grow together and may be red and inflamed

It is not possible to get rid of the virus itself. Once infected, HSV-1 will remain in your body forever, even if you don’t have recurrent episodes. Symptoms of a recurrent episode usually go away within one to two weeks without any treatment. The blisters will usually dry up and crust over before they disappear.

Applying ice or a warm cloth to the face or taking a pain reliever like acetaminophen might help to reduce any pain.

Your dentist may prescribe oral anti-viral medicines to fight the virus. These medicines work better if you take them when you experience the first signs of a mouth sore, such as tingling on the lips, and before the blisters appear. These medications don’t cure herpes and may not stop you from spreading the virus to other people.

The following may help prevent the infection from reactivating or spreading.

Wash any items that may have had contact with the infected sores, like towels, in boiling water or detergent after use.

Don’t share food utensils or other personal items with people who have oral herpes. Don’t share cold sore creams with anyone. Don’t kiss or participate in oral sex with someone who has cold sores.

To keep the virus from spreading to other parts of the body, don’t touch the blisters or sores. If you do, wash your hands with soap and water immediately.

Remember a healthy you is a happy you. Have a blessed week ahead. Dr Kimberley Eve Nyathi BDS (Hons) Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University eg POST-HALT=STOP

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