DAW recording + editing
Dealing with DAW audio and editing
01
Bit depths such as 24-bit and 32-bit offer considerably better theoretical dynamic range than 16-bit. From a practical perspective, although supported by some DAWs, 32-bit isn’t much help for recording, as interface converters operate at 24-bit maximum (barring a few exotic units). However, 24-bit is excellent, as it allows you to operate well below digital zero (0dBFS) without compromising dynamic range. So, revisit your DAW metering, establishing what the scales actually say, and look to set recording levels to peak at -12 or even -16dB. 02
You can save a lot of editing time by getting tighter timing and pitching at the recording stage. The best way to achieve this is to tailor the headphone or ‘cue’ mix to your performer. For better timing, turn up or add a clear, simple click or beat that reinforces the feel of your track. For better tuning, introduce an instrument with clear pitch such as a piano. Just be sure these extra ‘guide tracks’ reinforce your existing track rather than confusing matters. 03
Combining low frequencies across instruments can easily result in phase cancellations where certain notes disappear. The best way to make tight, punchy sounds is to align kick and bass sounds so that waveforms are (as much as possible) phase aligned. You can certainly do this by ear, but to be absolutely sure, try zooming in right into the waveforms to see what’s going on. Often, sounds have complex waveforms, but look for the ‘larger’ waveforms, (the low notes), aligning one sound to the other. 04
DAWs have various options for quick compiling, and these can be great if you’re short on time. For more important tracks, though, you might want to go through marking up the best takes, no-hopers and intermediates to give you more options as you piece together the ideal take. Colour coding as you go is a good plan, and if you need to return to your comping process at a later stage, you’ll instantly see the other options available to you. 06
If you make lots of edits, particularly where sounds overlap, it’s easy to get undesirable clicks and pops. If you have time, it’s wise to zoom in and deal with these points accurately. But for speed, and if you’re dealing with multiple tracks such as drums, multiple crossfades can be your saviour. Selecting all the regions and applying a crossfade will resolve many issues – some DAWs have a keyboard shortcut to apply such fades instantly. If there are still a few spots to tidy up, zoom in and resolve them manually. 07
Much of a DAW’s functionality is built around real-time effects and automation, but sometimes it’s simpler and quicker to make specific changes or edits with ‘offline’ processing. Using focussed level tweaks, you can achieve bespoke de-essing of vocals, levelling of specific words/ syllables, or tweaks to specific notes. An EQ can also be used to resolve plosives on specific consonants. Both techniques leave the remainder of your audio track untouched, ready for regular processing. 08
Most DAWs have a ‘strip silence’ feature to remove areas of background noise in between sounds using a manual threshold to create individual audio regions. Although this may take a little time to set up, once done, you can forget about fiddling around and adjusting gate settings. 09
Room ambience shouldn’t be limited to drums and is often the thing that creates individuality in your recordings. By using a combination of close and more ambient mics recorded to separate tracks, you’ll get the best of both worlds, providing plenty of flexibility in the mix. 10
If you really want a tight take, often the only way to get it is to do multiple takes and compile them. But don’t waste your valuable time playing through the whole track. Cycle the specific section you want to perfect, getting into the feel of it, and you’ll create enough parts to make an excellent comp.