RSPCA: HOW NOT TO KILL ADULT CANE TOADS

BLUNT TRAUMA

Many untrained individuals and groups use this method (e.g with golf clubs, bats etc) which is likely to result in pain and suffering for the toad; however, this technique can be humane if undertaken correctly. Only competent operators should be permitted to use blunt trauma.

CHEMICALS

There are risks associated with spray-on chemical agents, particularly in relation to an insufficient dose being applied, especially for larger toads. Although most sprayed toads hop away and may not be located, there is a small risk that some may be disposed of while sedated only, thereby leading to an inhumane death if an insufficient dose has been given. Dettol® is also used but is considered inhumane and a potential environmental contaminant.

GAS

CO2 is the only gaseous agent known to be used. CO2 can be aversive to some species and for amphibians. Research has shown that some toads will show mild signs of distress, even at 90% concentration. To achieve death of all toads, exposure to 90% CO2 must continue for at least four hours after which time all toads must be checked to ensure no heartbeat.

HYPOTHERMIA

Research suggests that refrigeration followed by freezing is a humane and effective method to kill cane toads. Although this method has reportedly been used without obvious distress observed, further review is recommended to assess humaneness. Freezing alone is considered to be inhumane