ON THIS DAY

1190: Richard I of England and Philip II of France start on the Third Crusade.

1776: American Declaration of Independence is approved in Philadelphia.

1826: Deaths of US second president John Adams and third president Thomas Jefferson. 1848: The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, is published.

1884: The Statue of Liberty is presented to America by the people of France. 1894: Republic of Hawaii is proclaimed.

1997: The US spacecraft Pathfinder, carrying an explorer vehicle, lands on Mars.

2016: Millions of postal and absentee votes are being counted as result of Australia’s federal election still hangs in balance.

Birthdays: US jazz musician Louis Armstrong (1900-1971); US playwright Neil Simon (1927-); Australian soccer player Tony Popovic (1973-).