ON THIS DAY

1601: Force of 3000 Spaniards lands at Kineale, Ireland, to support rebel Earl of Tyrone.

1825: George Stephenson drives his steam locomotive from Stockton to Darlington, England.

1932: Lores Bonney becomes first woman to fly around Australia.

1939: Warsaw surrenders to Germans after 19 days of resistance in World War II.

1973: Soviet Union launches spacecraft into orbit around Earth with two cosmonauts aboard.

2000: At the Sydney Olympics, Australian Lauren Burns wins gold in the under-47kg division in taekwondo.

2006: California signs into law a sweeping global warming initiative that imposes the first cap on greenhouse gas emissions in the US.

Birthdays: France’s King Louis XIII (1601-1643); Australian radio personality Ray Hadley (1954-); Canadian singer Avril Lavigne (1984-).