ON THIS day

41AD

Claudius is affirmed as Roman emperor. 844

A Roman archdeacon named John is elected antipope against the nobility’s candidate, Pope Sergius II. 1533

Henry VIII marries Anne Boleyn, his second wife, in a secret ceremony at York Palace, defying Rome.

1848

The last convict ship to Port Phillip in Victoria, the Marion, disembarks passengers. 1858

Princess Victoria, daughter of Queen Victoria, weds Prince Friedrich of Prussia in London. Mendelssohn’s Wedding March is played at the ceremony, cementing a wedding tradition. 1961

The animated film One Hundred and One Dalmatians is released in the US, and it becomes a Disney classic, especially noted for the villainous character Cruella De Vil.

1971

American criminal and cult leader Charles Manson and three of his followers are convicted of a series of notorious murders. Their crimes inspired the bestselling book Helter Skelter (1974).

1998

Australian astronaut Andy Thomas (above), 46, leaves the space shuttle Endeavour to board the Russian space station Mir to relieve his US colleague David Wolf and serve as a flight engineer for 141 days in space. 1998

A scuba diving operator leaves US tourists Thomas Lonergan, 33, and his wife Eileen, 28, behind on a reef off Port Douglas, north Queensland. They are never found. The operator miscounted the number of divers.

2006

Radical Islamic group Hamas takes power in elections for a Palestinian parliament. 2017

American actor Mary Tyler Moore, who helped redefine the portrayal of women on TV with her roles in the comedies The Dick Van Dyke Show (1961–66) and The Mary Tyler Moore Show (1970– 77), dies in Greenwich, Connecticut.