About 300M children breathe toxic air: study
ABOUT 300 million children live with outdoor air so polluted it can cause serious physical damage, including harming their developing brains, the UN said in a study.
Nearly one child in seven around the globe breathes outdoor air that is at least six times dirtier than international guidelines, according to the study released yesterday by the UN Children’s Fund.
UNICEF published the study a week before the annual UN climate-change talks hosted by Morocco on November 7-18.
The agency, which promotes the rights of children, is pushing for world leaders to take urgent action to reduce air pollution.
“Air pollution is a major contributing factor in the deaths of around 600,000 children under five every year, and it threatens the lives and futures of millions more every day,” said Anthony Lake, executive director of UNICEF. “Pollutants don’t only harm children’s developing lungs. They can actually cross the blood-brain barrier and permanently damage their developing brains and, thus, their futures. No society can afford to ignore air pollution.”
UNICEF points to satellite imagery that it says confirms that about 2 billion children live in areas where air pollution exceeds minimum air-quality guidelines set by WHO.
The air is poisoned by vehicle emissions, dust, burning waste and other pollutants, it said.
South Asia has the largest number of children living in such areas at about 620 million, followed by Africa with 520 million and the East Asia and Pacific region with 450 million.
The study also looked at indoor pollution, typically caused by burning coal and wood for cooking and heating.
Together, outdoor and indoor air pollution are directly linked to pneumonia and other respiratory diseases that account for nearly one death in 10 in children under the age of 5, making air pollution a leading danger to children’s health, UNICEF said.
The agency noted that children are more susceptible than adults to indoor and outdoor air pollution because their lungs, brains and immune systems are still developing and their respiratory tracts are more permeable.
The most vulnerable to illnesses caused by air pollution are children living in poverty, who tend to have poorer health and little access to health services.
UNICEF is calling for more robust measures to reduce pollution, increase children’s access to health care and to monitor and minimise children’s exposure to polluted air.