SK’s Kaist says interferon a cause of Covid inflammations

THE Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (Kaist) on Monday said its researchers have identified interferon as the cause of cytokine storm in severely affected Covid-19 patients.

Interferon is a type of cytokine that has been known to bring up antiviral defences against infections. While they have been known as the good cytokines, the researchers at Kaist believe they may trigger adverse effects in Covid-19 patients.

This finding may provide grounds for new treatment approaches that target interferon, Kaist said.

A cytokine storm, or hyper-inflammatory response, occurs when too much of cytokine is released, and the body starts to attack its tissues.

Cytokine storms are suspected of causing detrimental progression of Covid-19, but what causes this cytokine storms have been unclear, posing a hurdle in treating medium-grade Covid-19 patients.

In their latest research, the Kaist scientists separated the immune cells from a Covid-19 patients’ blood and applied single-cell-RNA-sequencing method to analyse their characteristics.

Regardless of the degree of the SARSCoV-2 infection, the researchers repeatedly found tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1 in patients’ immune cells.

In comparing light and medium-grade patients, the researchers could see that a cytokine response called interferon was especially pronounced in mediumgrade patients.

This study was published in Science Immunology on Friday under the title ImmunophenotypingofCovid-19and influenzahighlightstheroleoftypeI interferonsindevelopmentofsevere Covid-19.

Lee Jeong-seok and Park Seong-wan from Kaist’s Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, and Department of Biological Sciences, participated in the study as lead researchers.