HIV/AIDS: Putting those affected at higher risk for mental health disorders
In recognition of World AIDS Day, there is a need to address and discuss the impact HIV/AIDS can have on one’s mental health.
Every year, since 1988, on Dec. 1, people are given the opportunity worldwide to unite in the fight against HIV/AIDS, to show support, and to honour those who we have lost from an AIDS-related illness.
According to the National AIDS Trust, globally, there are an estimated 36.7 million people who have the virus. With that being said, it is vital to recognize that if you or someone you know is living with HIV/AIDS, there is an increased risk for developing mood, anxiety, and cognitive disorders.
For example, the National Institute of Mental Health has found that people living with HIV are twice as likely to have depression compared to those who are not infected with HIV. Since the HIV virus is introduced and resides in the brain, the virus itself can contribute to mental health problems. Additionally, there are other infections, caused by HIV, that can also affect the nervous system and lead to changes in behaviour and functioning. Other disorders, such as mild cognitive changes or more severe cognitive conditions, such as dementia, are also associated with HIV disease.
In addition to the uncontrollable stressors caused by HIV/AIDS, there are external pressures that cause stress and contribute to mental health problems for people living with disease. These include, but are not limited to:
— Accessing the services needed
— Experiencing a loss of social support, resulting in isolation
— Experiencing a loss of employment or worries about whether work performance will remain the same
— Having to tell others about a positive HIV diagnosis
— Managing HIV medicines
— Going through changes in physical appearance or abilities due to HIV/AIDS
— Dealing with loss, including the loss of relationships, loss of health or even death
— Facing the stigma and discrimination associated with HIV/AIDS (National Institute of Mental Health)
Though scientific advances have been made in treatment, laws have been put in place to protect people living with HIV and we understand so much more about the condition, stigma and discrimination remain a harsh reality for many people living with the condition (National AIDS Trust).
Knowing how HIV/AIDS can affect your mental health and the resources available within your community can help to manage your overall mental health and well-being. For more information please visit http://www.worldaidsday.org/about/ or https://www.nimh.nih.gov/he alth/topics/hivaids/index.shtml or your local HIV Community Link at 641 Fourth St. S.E.(403-527-5882).
Natonya Triolo is a practicum student in the Combined Addiction Counselling and Social Work program through the Medicine Hat College For any further questions regarding mental health concerns, contact Canadian Mental Health Association at 403-504-1811, www.aser.ca or aser@cmhaaser.ca