Thaler wins Nobel Prize for behavioural economics
STOCKHOLM• The Nobel Prize in economics has been awarded to Richard Thaler of the University of Chicago for research showing how people’s choices on economic matters — whether on savings or game shows like Deal or No Deal — are not always rational.
The 9 - million- kronor ( US$ 1.1- million) prize was awarded to the academic for his “understanding the psychology of economics,” Swedish Academy of Sciences secretary Goran Hansson said Monday.
Th aler is considered one of the founding fathers of behavioural economics, a field that shows that far from being the rational decision- makers described in economic theory, people often make decisions that don’t serve their best interests. That could include, for example, refusing to cut their losses when their investments plunge in value or making big bets at the casino because they are convinced their hot streak will continue.
The illogical behaviour has economic consequences: People don’t save enough for retirement. They make investments — in houses in the mid-2000s, for instance, when prices are already dangerously high.
The Nobel committee said Thaler has provided a “more realistic analysis of how people think and behave when making economic decisions.”
Speaking by phone to a news conference immediately after he was announced as the prize winner, Thaler said the most important impact of his work is “the recognition that economic agents are humans.”
In 2015, Thaler had a cameo alongside pop star Selena Gomez in the film The Big Short, about the global financial crisis. In the scene, he explains the “hot hand fallacy,” in which people think whatever’s happening now is going to continue to happen into the future.
Asked at the news conference Monday if he thought this observation applied to the U.S president, who had success as a business executive before entering politics he said: “As to President Trump, I think he would do well to watch that movie.”
In 2008, Thaler co- wrote a paper examining t he choices contestants face in games such as the TV show Deal or No Deal, including about how early outcomes affect decisions later in the game. In the paper, Thaler and the authors say that contestants become bolder in their choices when their initial expectations of how much they would win are shattered, whether by big losses or big gains.
On Monday, Thaler told the news conference that he will likely use the prize money in ways consistent with his research.
“I will say that I will try to spend it as irrationally as possible,” he said.
Peter Gardenfors, a member of the prize committee, said that one of the practical applications of Thaler’s work was development of the “save more tomorrow” strategy for retirement-savings accounts. Under that model, many employees who resist immediately raising the portion of their salary put into retirement accounts will agree to raise their contributions in the following year and usually continue with the higher level.
The economics prize is something of an outlier — Alfred Nobel’s will didn’t call for its establishment and it honours a science that many doubt is a science at all.
The Sveriges Riksbank ( Swedish National Bank) Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel was first awarded in 1969, nearly seven decades after the series of prestigious prizes that Nobel called for. Despite its provenance and carefully laborious name, it is broadly considered an equal to the other Nobels and the winner attends the famed presentation banquet.