OLD WAYS STILL WORK
Brick, stone green choices
Everyone makes choices in life, and many of these choices affect the environment. The funny thing is, choices don’t always align with the values people claim to hold. It’s surprising how often this disconnect happens. I know more than one person who talk like they care about the environment, yet they burn household garbage in plastic bags in a smouldering barrel in their backyard. A health food store owner I know tells me that beef jerky sales in his big city store triple when the product is packaged in fancy, wasteful, plastic bags puffed up with air, compared with the same jerky sold in bulk bins without packaging. Perhaps the most misunderstood environmental confusions of all have to do with our homes and how they’re built.
There’s a mistaken idea that homebuilding materials and methods need to be modern for them to be environmentally sound. The old ways were from the bad old days, right? No, not necessarily, and masonry construction materials are a prime example.
Brick and stone are the oldest building materials in the world, yet they’re still some of the most environmentally sound choices. They probably always will be. Part of this has to do with how long masonry lasts. The energy and environmental costs of manufacturing masonry products are spread out over much more time than other materials, lowering their annual environmental impact. Local sources of supply are another reason masonry makes environmental sense.
Brick, block and stone are heavy, of course, so manufacturing plants have developed locally near all major cities over the years. Not all masonry products are made right around the corner, but many are. And when it comes to local, it’s not just about where the material will be used for building. It’s also about what happens to the material when a building isn’t needed any more.
My grandfather worked most of his life in the red brick Goodyear tire factory built near Toronto in 1917 and I remember the day when grandpa took me out to see the old plant going down in 1989. It was a sad moment as I thought of all the families that enjoyed a lifetime’s livelihood from that plant, a place where half of all the tires for Canada were once made. That said, the red brick was being crushed on-site for reuse somewhere and for something useful. No toxins, no landfill, no hazardous waste, just honest, useful, reddish-brown rubble. What could be better than that?
Perhaps the biggest reason I like masonry is because it contributes to healthy homes. One of the challenges of Canadian home building is the need to let moisture vapour escape from wall systems, while also keeping liquid moisture out from driving rains and snow. Most people are surprised to learn that exterior wall frames can develop quite a bit of internal moisture over the course of a winter as warm indoor air cools and condenses. The failure of buildings to let trapped moisture escape is one of the things related to what’s called “sick building syndrome” (SBS).
This condition has different causes but the results are that people get ill when indoors. Synthetic exterior cladding options may be good at keeping water out, but if moisture ever does get behind them (and it certainly can) that moisture can easily trigger mould growth because it can’t dry. Brick veneer is the most common use of masonry in Canadian homebuilding and as good as it is at keeping rain out, it’s also great at letting trapped moisture vapour escape out and away from exterior walls. It’s actually designed to do this. An air space between the bricks and the wall frame, along with drainage holes at the bottom of the brick between mortar joints lets moisture escape.
Sometimes the wisest environmental choices in life are the old ones, the ones that have been sitting under our noses without flash and fanfare for years. Masonry homebuilding is one of these.
Steve Maxwell is building with brick and stone this summer. Keep an eye on what Steve’s up to on his website at www.baileylineroad.com