Mary Magdalene #MeToo original
Long-maligned Mary Magdalene now seen as stalwart disciple
The Associated Press
MAGDALA, Israel — If there’s a feminist figure from the Bible for the #MeToo era, it could very well be Mary Magdalene.
The major character in the life of Jesus was long maligned in the West and portrayed as a reformed prostitute. But scholars have adopted a different approach recently, viewing her as a strong, independent woman who supported Jesus financially and spiritually.
The New Testament tells how Jesus cast demons out of her. She then accompanied Jesus in his ministry around Galilee before witnessing his crucifixion, burial and resurrection in Jerusalem.
Pope Francis took the biggest step yet to rehabilitate Mary Magdalene’s image by declaring a major feast day in her honour, June 22. His 2016 decree put her on par with the liturgical celebrations of the male apostles.
“By doing this, he established the absolute equality of Mary Magdalene to the apostles, something that has never been done before and is also a point of no return” for women in the church, said Lucetta Scarrafia, editor of the Vatican-published Women Church World monthly magazine.
Magdalene as a prostitute is a narrative that began in the sixth century. Pope Gregory the Great conflated Magdalene with an anonymous sinful woman mentioned in the chapter before she’s introduced in the Gospel of Luke.
Only in 1969 did the Catholic Church roll back centuries of labeling Magdalene as such, stating she was distinct from the sinful woman mentioned in Luke.
Eastern Orthodox Christians never depicted her as a prostitute.
She was from a thriving fishing village on the Sea of Galilee named Magdala, which has been excavated extensively by archaeologists in recent decades.
The site is home to the oldest known synagogue in the Galilee, where a stone bearing the likeness of the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem was found, as well as a marketplace, ritual baths and fishing harbour. Marcela ZapataMeza, the lead archaeologist at the site, has called it “the Israeli Pompeii.”
Modern scholars have adopted a different understanding of Mary Magdalene, and regard her as one of Jesus’ most prominent disciples, who stood by him to the end while his most devoted apostles did not.
“Historical tradition says she was a prostitute from Magdala,” said Jennifer Ristine, director of the Magdalena Institute.
“Reanalyzing that reputation that she had we can see she was probably a woman of greater social status, higher social status, a woman of wealth who accompanied Jesus as we see in Luke 8:2, helping Jesus and his disciples with her own resources.”
Nonetheless, the image of Mary Magdalene as a licentious, sexualized woman has persisted in Western culture, including in Jesus Christ Superstar and The Da Vinci Code.
Cardinal Gianfranco Ravasi, the Vatican’s culture minister, said Mary Magdalene’s reputation was sullied by her depiction in art over the centuries.
“Art history made her become a prostitute, which is something that is not present in the Gospels,” he said, adding that she also has been portrayed as Jesus’s wife.
“It is important to find the real face of Mary Magdalene, who is a woman who represents the importance of the female aspect on the side of Christ,” he told The Associated Press at the Vatican.
The Gospel of Mary, an early Christian text, depicted her as a visionary who received secret knowledge from Jesus.
Claire Pfann, academic dean at the University of the Holy Land in Jerusalem, said Mary Magdalene must be seen for what she was: “An independent woman who has discretionary time and wealth from the city of Magdala, not identified by a father or a husband, whose life was dramatically restored, healed, changed by her encounter with this Jewish itinerant teacher and healer, Jesus of Nazareth.
“It takes a long time for serious scholarship to trickle down to the popular level,” she added.
A new film on the life of Mary Magdalene, starring Rooney Mara in the title role, Joaquin Phoenix as Jesus and Chiwetel Ejiofor as Peter the Apostle, recasts her in that mould.
A release in America has not been set.