A fly idea

Learn local bird species before putting out seed

Feeding birds in winter is one of the nation’s most popular wildlife-watching activities, yet many ornithologists say it’s often more rewarding for people than for birds. And it might even put wild birds at risk.

“Feeding birds is not necessary for their survival except in extreme weather conditions,” said Stephen Kress, vice-president for bird conservation at the National Audubon Society. “Feeders can definitely help them get through that kind of weather.”

Most birds are insect eaters and aren’t attracted to backyard feeders.

“For those birds, I recommend planting natural habitat and native plants,” Kress said.

Besides, birds that eat seeds “will be more likely to come to feeders if there is some cover nearby. They’ll be able to feed and dodge back into the safety of shrubbery.”

The most common error people make when managing bird feeders is incorrect placement — putting them in locations where birds are frightened by foot traffic, vulnerable to predation by cats or at risk of flying into windows.

“If a feeder is within three feet of a window, it’s better,” Kress said. “If a bird is spooked, it won’t be killed when it strikes the glass. And keep your cats indoors so they can’t stalk vulnerable birds and animals.”

Learn which bird species frequent your area so you can avoid feeder wars and understand the pecking order.

“Some birds are more aggressive at feeders,” Kress said. “Their eating habits are such that they can consume a lot and not leave much for the others.”

One answer to that is to feed at multiple locations using different kinds of seeds and feeders.

Nyjer seeds, for instance, attract goldfinches, while tube feeders with wire covers prevent large birds from entering.

Pay attention to seed quality and freshness. Along with black-oil sunflower and nyjer seeds, feeder-friendly birds like suet (woodpeckers, jays, songbirds), fruit (orioles, bluebirds, waxwings) and mealworms (robins, chickadees, wrens).