Who will watch the banks under Trump?
This editorial appears on Bloomberg View:
Nearly a decade after a devastating financial crisis, the U.S. remains poorly prepared for a repeat. So it’s unsettling that Daniel Tarullo, the Federal Reserve official who has done the most to make the country’s banks stronger, plans to step down — and all the more important that President Donald Trump find a worthy replacement.
The 2008 crisis exposed weaknesses at the heart of the U.S. financial system. Big banks had so little lossabsorbing capital that they rapidly faltered, bringing down the economy and leaving the government with no option but to rescue them at taxpayer expense.
Appointed in 2009, and guided by the Dodd-Frank financial reform, Tarullo led efforts to strengthen the financial system. The Fed adopted capital requirements significantly more demanding than those laid down by international regulators, and tied them to liquidity rules aimed at ensuring banks would always have enough cash to meet their near-term obligations. It introduced regular stress tests designed to assess banks’ ability to weather a crisis, and demanded that they produce “living wills” describing how they could go bust without causing wider harm.
Tarullo’s work is far from done. On average, the largest U.S. banks now have about $6 in equity for each $100 in assets. That’s more than in 2007, but still not enough. The stress tests aren’t yet sufficiently realistic. Tarullo had a plan for improving them, but he won’t be around to see it through.
Tarullo seems optimistic about what will happen after he leaves. He says Trump’s “core principles” for financial regulation — which include avoiding bailouts and addressing systemic risk — are a “good starting point.” Certainly, maintaining Tarullo’s push for more equity capital would be an excellent way to further those principles. Crucially, by making the whole system more resilient, that would also allow the regulatory burden to be lifted in other areas.
Trump now has three vacancies to fill on the Fed’s board of governors. The president’s top economic adviser believes that “personnel is policy.” Let’s hope they choose someone capable of finishing what Tarullo started.