Trump decides to exit Iran nuclear accord
Tehran could withdraw or try to salvage what’s left
WASHINGTON — President Donald Trump announced Tuesday the U.S. will pull out of the landmark nuclear accord with Iran, declaring he’s making the world safer but dealing a profound blow to allies and deepening his isolation on the world stage.
“The United States does not make empty threats,” he said in a televised address from the White House Diplomatic Room.
Trump said the 2015 agreement, which included Germany, France and Britain, was a “horrible one-sided deal that should never ever have been made.” He added that the United States “will be instituting the highest level of economic sanction.”
His decision means Iran’s government must now decide whether to follow the U.S. and withdraw or try to salvage what’s left of the deal.
Iran has offered conflicting statements about what it may do — and the answer may depend on exactly how Trump exits the agreement.
One official briefed on the decision said the president would move to reimpose all sanctions on Iran that had been lifted under the 2015 agreement, not just those facing an immediate deadline.
Supporters of trying to fix the agreement had hoped the president would choose a piecemeal approach that could leave more room for him to reverse himself and stay in if he could secure the additional restrictions on Iran that European nations have tried unsuccessfully to negotiate with Trump.
Still, the administration planned to allow a grace period of at least three months and possibly up to six months so that businesses and governments can wind down operations that would violate the reimposed U.S. sanctions, officials said.
As administration officials briefed congressional leaders about Trump’s plans Tuesday, they emphasized that just as with a major Asia trade deal and the Paris climate pact that the U.S. president has abandoned, he remains open to renegotiating a better deal, one person briefed on the talks said.
The Iran agreement, struck in 2015 by the United States, other world powers and Iran, lifted most U.S. and international sanctions against the country. In return, Iran agreed to restrictions on its nuclear program, making it impossible to produce a bomb, along with rigorous inspections.
In a burst of last-minute diplomacy, punctuated by a visit by
Britain’s top diplomat, the deal’s European members gave in to many of Trump’s demands, according to officials, diplomats and others briefed on the negotiations. Yet they still left convinced he was likely to reimpose sanctions.
Trump spoke with French President Emmanuel Macron and Chinese leader Xi Jinping about his decision Tuesday.
British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson travelled to Washington this week to make a lastminute pitch to the U.S. to remain in the deal, according to a senior British diplomat. The diplomat, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said the British objective will remain to uphold and maintain the deal.
Hours before the announcement, European countries met to underline their support for the agreement. Senior officials from Britain, France and Germany met in Brussels with Abbas Araghchi, Iran’s deputy foreign minister for political affairs.
If the accord collapses, Iran would be free to resume prohibited enrichment activities, while businesses and banks doing business with Iran would have to scramble to extricate themselves or run afoul of the U.S.
American officials were dusting off plans for how to sell a pullout to the public and explain its complex financial ramifications.
In Iran, many were deeply concerned about how Trump’s decision could affect the already struggling economy. In Tehran, President Hassan Rouhani sought to calm nerves, smiling as he appeared at a petroleum expo. He didn’t name Trump directly, but emphasized that Iran continued to seek “engagement with the world.”
“It is possible that we will face some problems for two or three months, but we will pass through this,” Rouhani said.
Under the most likely scenario, Trump would allow sanctions on Iran’s central bank — intended to target oil exports — to kick back in, rather than waiving them once again on Saturday, the next deadline for renewal, said individuals briefed on Trump’s deliberations. The administration would then give those who are doing business with Iran a sixmonth period to wind down their affairs and avoid breaching those sanctions.
Depending on how Trump sells it — either as an irreversible U.S. pullout or one final chance to save it — the deal could be strengthened during those six months in a last-ditch effort to persuade Trump to change his mind.
The first 15 months of Trump’s presidency have been filled with many such “last chances” for the Iran deal in which he’s punted the decision for another few months, and then another.
Even Trump’s secretary of state and the United Nations agency that monitors nuclear compliance agree that so far, Iran has lived up to its side of the agreement. But the deal’s critics, such as Israel, the Gulf Arab states and many Republicans, say it’s a giveaway to Tehran that ultimately paves the path to a nuclear-armed Iran several years in the future.
Iran, for its part, has been coy in predicting its response to a Trump withdrawal. For weeks, the country’s foreign minister had been saying that a reimposition of U.S. sanctions would render the deal null and void, leaving Tehran little choice but to abandon it as well.
But on Monday, Rouhani said Iran could stick with it if the European Union, whose economies do far more business with Iran than the U.S., offers guarantees that Iran would keep benefitting.
For the Europeans, Trump’s withdrawal constitutes dispiriting proof that trying to appease him is futile.