TODAY IN HISTORY

In 1603, James VI of Scotland was crowned King James I of England. He then authorized an English translation of the Scriptures, first published in 1611 and known since as the King James Version of the Bible.

In 1758, Louisbourg, the great French citadel on Cape Breton Island, surrendered to the British. The fortress capitulated after an eight-week siege by a British force of 27,000 men and 157 ships. With the surrender, the French were driven from the Maritimes.

In 1788, New York became the 11th state to ratify the U.S. Constitution.

In 1805, an earthquake in Naples resulted in 6,000 deaths.

In 1847, the Republic of Liberia was proclaimed. The country had been established in 1822 through the efforts of several American philanthropic societies which wanted to establish freed American slaves in a colony on the West African coast.

In 1852, the first Toronto Stock Exchange was established by a group of 12 businessmen.

In 1856, playwright George Bernard Shaw was born in Dublin. He died in 1950.

In 1858, Lionel Rothschild, later Baron Rothschild, became the first Jew to be elected to the British Parliament.

In 1869, Britain passed an act to abolish the Anglican Church of Ireland.

In 1875, psychologist Carl Jung was born in Kessevil, Switzerland. He founded analytical psychology and introduced the concepts of introvert and extrovert personalities.