Food safety starts in your backyard
GARDENING: Avoiding illness isn’t as simple as growing your own produce, so take steps to prevent contamination
Food safety often is cited as the primary reason why people grow their own edibles, but that’s frequently an illusion. Food-borne illnesses are almost as likely to be caused by homegrown produce as by fresh foods acquired elsewhere.
“The odds are better there won’t be any contamination from the things we grow ourselves, but no fresh foods are safe,” said Jeanne Brandt, a family and community health specialist with Oregon State University Extension Service. “Gardening and cooking are a food-safety continuum. Safety must be considered with every step in the process from pre-planting to placing meals on the table.”
Surveys have shown home gardeners don’t understand soil, compost, manure and water are potential sources of disease-causing bacteria that can contaminate produce. Instead, “they were most concerned about chemical contamination,” Brandt said.
Food safety starts with the right garden location.
“You want to know what’s been on that (planting) space,” Brandt said. “Did the previous owner have a lawn there that could have been exposed to lots of chemicals? Was there any
run-off from roads or driveways? Was it a place where people walked their dogs? Those questions also apply to community gardens.”
Many novice gardeners haven’t embraced routines aimed at keeping
their garden spaces orderly and their hands and tools clean, Brandt said.
Almost half of all food-illness outbreaks in the United States are caused by fresh produce.
But some simple practices can be used to reduce the risks of produce contamination. Consider:
■ Soil amendments: “Composted or aged manure or other soil amendments containing any animal components such as manure, meat, egg shells or bones are not recommended for gardens as they may not be thoroughly processed and thus contain food-borne pathogens,” said Sanja Ilic, an assistant professor and food-safety specialist with Ohio State University Extension Service. Compost prepared from grass clippings or plant trimmings are good alternatives.
■ Irrigating: City water is safest because it’s usually treated. “Drip irrigation is the safest way to apply the irrigation water because there is no direct contact with the edible portion of the produce,” Ilic said.
■ Restricting wildlife, poultry and pets, whose feces carry pathogens.
■ Preventing cross-contamination from dirty tools and table surfaces when harvesting. “Always wash your hands before entering the garden or harvesting; after handling compost, plant debris or garbage; after touching a pet or farm animal; and after using the toilet,” Ilic said.
■ Storage: “Washed produce should be dried before storage,” Ilic said. “Berries, broccoli and similar should be washed only prior to serving to avoid mould development.
“Cooking is a highly effective step in destroying bacteria that might be there,” Brandt said.