Truce terms accepted by Syrian government
Questions over enforcement of ceasefire unresolved, leaving citizens skeptical
DAMASCUS, SYRIA— Syria’s government on Tuesday accepted a proposed U.S.-Russian ceasefire that is to go into effect this week, but reserved the right to respond to any violations of the truce. The main opposition and rebel umbrella group approved the deal, but set its own conditions.
The developments followed an agreement between Washington and Moscow for a new ceasefire set to take effect at midnight Friday local time in the five-year-old civil war, even as major questions over enforcement remain unresolved.
The truce does not cover the Islamic State group, Syria’s Al Qaeda branch known as the Nusra Front, or any other militia designated as a terrorist organization by the UN Security Council.
But exactly where along Syria’s complicated front lines the fighting would stop and where counterterrorism operations could continue under the truce is still to be addressed. The five-page plan released by the U.S. State Department also leaves open how ceasefire breaches would be dealt with.
While accepting the proposed truce, the Syrian foreign ministry said its operations will continue against Islamic State, the Nusra Front and “other terrorist groups.” It also stressed the right of its armed forces “to retaliate against any violation carried out by these groups.”
Cabinet minister Ali Haidar said the government will respect the ceasefire in principle, although he could not “speak on behalf of the armed groups.
“Violations will happen from other parties and not from the Syrian state’s side,” Haidar told The Associated Press after talks in Damascus with Peter Maurer, the president of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).
The main umbrella for Syrian opposition and rebel groups, the high negotiations committee, gave conditional approval late Monday. The committee said acceptance was conditional on the government ending its siege of 18 rebel-held areas, releasing detainees and halting aerial and artillery bombardment.
However, Talal Sillo, a spokesman for the predominantly Kurdish Syria Democratic Forces, said his group will not abide by the truce because it’s fighting against the Islamic State group in northern Syria.
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry said he won’t vouch for the success of the agreement, but said it’s the best pathway for ending the bloodshed.
“I’m not going to say this process is sure to work, because I don’t know,” Kerry testified in Washington before the Senate foreign relations committee.
The Russian military said it has set up a co-ordination centre to help enforce the ceasefire. The centre is located at Syria’s Hemeimeem airbase, which hosts Russian warplanes, said Defence Ministry spokesman Maj.Gen. Igor Konashenkov, adding that it was established in line with the U.S.-Russian agreement.
Its purpose, Konashenkov said, would be to help organize ceasefire negotiations between the Syrian government and the opposition. Russia has given out its hotline numbers for enforcing the truce to the U.S., he added.
Some Syrians in the northern town of Qamishli expressed skepticism that the truce would hold.
“If the international community had wanted to stop the bloodshed, the killing and shelling, this could have happened three or four years ago,” Bakr Safir told the newsgathering Arab agency Arab24.
UN envoy Staffan de Mistura halted the latest Syria talks in Geneva on Feb. 3 because of major differences between the two sides, exacerbated by increased bombings and a largescale government offensive near the northern city of Aleppo.
It was not immediately clear if de Mistura will set a new date for the talks, initially scheduled to resume Thursday. He was quoted last week by the Swedish newspaper Svenska Dagbladet as saying they won’t resume on Thursday because he cannot “realistically” get the parties back to the talks by then.
A new humanitarian aid convoy of 44 trucks entered the besieged Damascus suburb of Moadamiyeh, Syria’s state news agency SANA reported Monday.
The delivery was supervised by the Syrian Arab Red Crescent and the UN, it said.
State TV reported Tuesday that aid entered another rebel-held suburb, Kfar Batna.
The UN humanitarian agency confirmed the delivery. Spokesman Jens Laerke of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, said the shipments were under way to help about 20,000 people in Moadamiyeh and 10,000 in Kfar Batna.
The latest distribution of aid came as Maurer, the ICRC president, began a five-day visit to Syria — his fourth since taking office in 2012.
“This is a critical situation at the present moment with millions of people in need,” he said.
The Observatory, which tracks Syria’s civil war, said it has documented 271,138 deaths since the conflict began in 2011. But the actual death toll is estimated by the activist group to be about 100,000 higher than that, based on lists of names of the dead.
The UN, which last released a death toll several months ago, says the war has killed 250,000 people.