World’s happiest nation gets tough with refugees
Hundreds of Danish do-gooders who helped exhausted migrants charged with human smuggling
COPENHAGEN— Lise Ramslog was out for a barefoot amble on the warm day last September when Europe’s refugee crisis came to her remote village in southern Denmark. The 70-year-old grandmother had planned a simple stroll. What she found in her quiet, coastal community were hundreds of exhausted asylum seekers who had arrived on the ferry from Germany only to be stranded without access to public transportation. Some had begun to walk along the highway in desperation.
Ramslog decided on the spot that she would help: She ended up giving two young couples, a small child and a newborn baby a 190-kilometre ride to their destination in Sweden. “When we crossed the border, they rejoiced and cried,” she recalled.
In another context, Ramslog might be known as a good Samaritan.
But the Danish government has a different term for her: convicted human smuggler.
The decision by authorities to prosecute Ramslog — and to charge hundreds of other Danish citizens with a similar crime — is to many here just the latest evidence of a society that, when faced with an unparalleled influx of migrants and refugees, has taken a nasty turn.
In that respect, Denmark has company: Across Europe, a once-tender embrace has evolved into an uncompromising rejection.
Last week, authorities in Greece began sending new arrivals back across the sea to Turkey, as part of a policy intended to permanently close the path via which more than 1 million people sought sanctuary last year.
But as Europe walls itself off, the continent is left to reckon with what’s become of its long-cherished humanitarian beliefs.
“We’re losing respect for the values upon which we built our country and our European Union,” said Andreas Kamm, secretary general of the Danish Refugee Council. “It’s becoming very hard to defend human rights.”
This Scandinavian nation of compulsively friendly people is known as a social-welfare utopia, one that was recently judged the world’s happiest place. Ranking high in the country’s pantheon of heroes are those who protected Jews during the Holocaust or who helped the oppressed escape from behind the Iron Curtain during the Cold War.
But when it has come to those fleeing 21st-century conflicts on Europe’s doorstep, Denmark has gone into overdrive to broadcast its hostility. The government advertised cuts to refugees’ benefits in Lebanese newspapers. It has enabled police to confiscate refugees’ valuables, including cash and jewelry. And authorities have made it far more difficult for those already here to reunite with their families.
Now ordinary Danes are getting caught up in the crackdown, punished for what many saw as a quintessentially good deed. “I’m proud of what I did and will never regret having done it,” said Ramslog, her grey hair highlighted by plastic pink heart barrettes and her clear blue eyes welling with tears. “But I don’t want to be known as a criminal.”
Yet that’s exactly what she is, following a March conviction. And according to the far-right party that holds the balance of power in the Danish Parliament, it’s what she deserves.
“These people broke the law,” said Peter Kofod Poulsen, a recently elected member of Parliament from the anti-immigration Danish People’s Party. “Human smuggling is not all right — not if it’s done by the train company and not if it’s done by private individuals.”
Poulsen, who at 26 is Parliament’s third-youngest member, has helped push the country’s weak centre-right government to take a less-forgiving line on asylum seekers since the once-fringe DPP surged to second place in elections in June.
The number of refugees taken in by Denmark, he said, should be “as close to zero as possible.” The alternative, in Poulsen’s view, is the end of everything Danes hold dear — including low crime rates and high-quality government services. Welcoming Syrians, Iraqis, Afghans and others fleeing war, he said, is just too burdensome. “We used to have a safe, monocultural society,” said Poulsen, who is slim, blond and self-assured. “Now our welfare state is under huge pressure.”
The notion that Denmark can’t adequately look out for its own if it is also giving sanctuary to asylum seekers has found wide appeal here. Antirefugee positions once considered extreme are now embraced by a broad cross section of the country’s politicians.
The hardening of public attitudes has been underway for at least a decade. But a key turning point in popular opinion may have been that day last September when asylum seekers took to the highways to walk.
Many had been blocked a week earlier from leaving Hungary, leading to a bulge in numbers on the migrant trail.
When they arrived in Denmark on Sept. 7, they were initially barred from using public transportation unless they agreed to be registered — something few were willing to do because they wanted to travel onward to more hospitable destinations, especially Sweden.
When Danes turned on their televisions that day, they saw highways clogged with people in need.
“That was an eye-opener for many Danes,” said Kasper Moller Hansen, a University of Copenhagen political scientist. “They thought, ‘Wow, that’s a lot of people. We can’t help all of them.’ ”
Other Danes took a different lesson, jumping in their cars and driving to the small ferry terminal in Rodby to offer asylum seekers a lift.
Lisbeth Zornig, a well-known childrights activist and author, was in the area and decided she couldn’t imag- ine driving back to Copenhagen with an empty car.
“I’d never seen people in need that way in Denmark before,” she said. “They were hungry. They were thirsty. They didn’t have anything but the clothes they were wearing.”
She opened her minivan’s doors to a small group of Syrians, and four adults and twin 5-year-old girls hopped in.
“Two minutes later, they were sleeping in the back seat,” she said.
In Copenhagen, her husband, for- mer journalist Mikael Lindholm offered to let them spend the night. But they were eager to get to Sweden, so he drove them to the train station.
Both Zornig and Lindholm were convicted last month of human smuggling. Each was ordered to pay a fine amounting to about $4,300.
Ramslog had her fine cut in half because she’s retired and lives on a small pension. It’s still far more than she can afford.
She said she responded that September day from instinct, not from any plan. At most, she thought she would drive the refugees a few kilometres up the road. “But then I kept thinking, ‘Oh, I’ll just go a little further,’ ” she recalled.
The baby slept the whole way, pressed tight to her mother’s breast. The young boy nibbled on biscuits and sipped apple juice.
Ramslog was still barefoot when, as night fell, she steered her car across the bridge linking Denmark to Sweden.
“Thank you! Thank you!” her passengers exclaimed when she pulled over to drop them off.
Before they parted, Ramslog dug from her pocket a small charm — a four-leaf clover encased in glass that she had been given to remember her daughter, who died last year. She pressed it into the boy’s palm. “May you have better luck,” she said.