Toronto Star

You think 2015, ’16, ’17 and ’18 were hot?

- SETH BORENSTEIN

While 2018 was the fourth-warmest year on record, British meteorolog­ists are predicting the next five years will be much hotter, maybe even record-breaking.

Two U.S. agencies, the United Kingdom Met Office and the World Meteorolog­ical Organizati­on analyzed global temperatur­es in slightly different ways, but each came to the same conclusion this week: 2018 was the fourth-warmest year on record behind 2016, 2015 and 2017.

The U.S. government’s Na- tional Oceanic and Atmospheri­c Administra­tion said 2018’s average temperatur­e was 14.69 C, which is 0.79 C warmer than the 20th-century average. Much of Europe had its warmest years on record. Records go back to 1880.

NASA and NOAA climate scientists said even though 2018 was a tad cooler than the three previous years that’s mostly due to random weather variations.

“Never mind the little wiggles from year to year. The trend is going relentless­ly up, and it will continue to do so,” Potsdam In- stitute climate scientist Stefan Rahmstorf said in an email. “Those who live in denial of this fact are in denial of physics.”

Using computer simulation­s, the British weather office forecasts that the next five years will average somewhere between 14.73 to 15.27 degrees. That would be warmer than the last four years.

Outside scientists, such as Natalie Mahowald of Cornell University, said the forecast is consistent with what researcher­s know about warming and natural variabilit­y.

The obvious long-term trend of steady warming makes it easier to more accurately predict near-future warming, said NASA chief climate scientist Gavin Schmidt.

The U.S. temperatur­e in 2018 was the 14th warmest on average, said NOAA climate monitoring chief Deke Arndt.

Last year was also the third wettest on record in the U.S. “an exclamatio­n point on a trend of big rain” in the age of climate change, Arndt said.

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