Toronto Star

Steaking their claim on future

Documentar­y looks at race to grow meat in a lab.

- CHRISTINE SISMONDO CONTRIBUTI­NG COLUMNIST

Hope can be a scarce commodity these days.

If you’re looking for a source of optimism, though, you should definitely check out “Meat the Future,” Canadian filmmaker Liz Marshall’s new documentar­y, currently streaming on CBC Gem. It’s all about lab-grown meat.

No longer the stuff of science fiction, animal-free meat that’s grown from stem cells in labs is likely to become a viable option sooner than we think. And that’s a good thing, since cellular agricultur­e could put an end to animals suffering in caged feeding operations and slaughterh­ouses, halt deforestat­ion, reduce pollution, drasticall­y cut greenhouse emissions and, on top of it all, prevent future pandemics.

The news gets even better: According to environmen­tal film director Marshall, lab-grown meat has grown so quickly since she started working on this project in 2016, that cellular agricultur­e shifted from being an outlier to becoming a nearly inevitable future source of food. The film mainly focuses on one American company, but it’s a global industry with at least 20 serious startups in places including the Netherland­s, Singapore and Israel, the latter home to several companies.

Still, there are two little problems — price and, well, squeamishn­ess. The first issue will likely be resolved sooner rather than later since, similar to the way clean energy prices are dropping as demand scales up and technology improves, lab meat’s price per pound is coming down all the time.

Problem number two is a little more complicate­d, though. And, in order to get people past their squeamishn­ess, the nomenclatu­re is going to be a key early decision, which is why it’s such an important storyline in the doc.

“I guess the umbrella term is ‘cellular agricultur­e’ but then, within that, there are so many terms to describe what this is,” says Marshall, who we spoke with last week by phone. “And it was also a way to chart the progressio­n of the industry in the film, since, first it was called ‘pure,’ then it was called ‘cultured,’ then it was called ‘clean meat’ and then ‘cell-based.’ Now, actually, since the film was locked and delivered, it’s referred to as ‘cultivated meat.’ ”

And this may not even be the last word. In the U.S., both the Food and Drug Administra­tion and the Department of Agricultur­e are currently huddled together to develop policy on the labelling and marketing of cultivated meat. The two regulatory boards will have to consult with stakeholde­rs from convention­al agricultur­e, many of whom want the term “meat” to be reserved exclusivel­y for the flesh of a formerly living mammal.

The USDA and FDA will have to balance this against the arguments from Silicon Valley cellular ag leaders like Uma Valeti, former cardiologi­st and cofounder and CEO of Memphis Meats, one of the most exciting cultivated meat companies in America, well within their rights to point out that their product is real meat — cell-forcell.

Although it’s easy to imagine the regulators siding with Big Meat, a trillion-plus dollar industry with plenty of political support, if anyone has a chance of prevailing and making the playing field fair for cellular ag, it’s Valeti, the film’s main protagonis­t.

Not only has he raised a record-breaking amount of financing for Memphis Meats, his motivation and his vision for the future are incredibly compelling. In the film, he tells the story of when he had his first epiphany about animal treatment — a birthday party in his childhood home in India, when he wandered to the back of the house and saw chickens being slaughtere­d. Although only a kid himself, the contradict­ion of celebratin­g life by eating animals killed just moments earlier, and only a few metres away, was a profound moment for him.

Still, for Valeti, animal rights took a back seat to saving human lives for decades. He became a doctor with a specializa­tion in cardiology — a field that relies heavily on stem-cell therapy — and establishe­d a successful practice in Minnesota. In 2015, though, he gave that all up to head to Silicon Valley and co-founded Memphis Meats. Why? Because he felt he could save more lives with cellular agricultur­e than as a doctor.

“I love that he was a Mayo Clinic-trained cardiologi­st who took a very risky, passion-driven career turn to co-found this start-up,” Marshall says. “And I think it’s really interestin­g that he’s a man of colour, born and raised in India, who immigrated to the U.S. to pursue his dreams and his passion. All of these things, I felt, made him a compelling entry point into the story.”

Valeti’s goal isn’t only to save animal lives and reduce livestock suffering, though. It would also save human lives. Cell meat — fish, fowl or mammal — uses far less land and water than convention­al farming. Greenhouse emissions would be negligible. It could be a perfect solution — practicall­y a silver bullet — to several urgent crises, including diseases caused by zoonotic viruses. Many viruses that humans are susceptibl­e to, including coronaviru­ses, are caused by a combinatio­n of intensive animal agricultur­e and our encroachme­nt on wildlife habitat, which, of course, is often clear-cut to make room for cattle ranching.

It’s easy to get over squeamishn­ess after watching “Meat the Future.” Although we tend to resist the idea of technology playing too big a role in food production and cling to a fantasy of happy, healthy animals raised on a pre-modern pasture, the truth is that most of the world’s meat is already machine-made.

And they’re machines doing irreparabl­e damage to the planet already. What will the world look like if projection­s are right that the global demand for meat will double by 2020?

“I feel that the topic of industrial animal agricultur­e brings together everything from human rights to animal rights to environmen­tal rights and that really matters to me as a filmmaker,” Marshall says. “And if we can look at all three and tell a solution-focused story, I think that can provide some inspiratio­n for people.”

Marshall adds: “Having had the privilege to witness this grow over the past few years and see it rise to prominence and attract such funding, I would say this might be the biggest idea of the century.”

Here’s hoping.

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 ?? LIZ MARSHALL PHOTOS ?? Uma Valeti, right, the CEO of Memphis Meats, is featured in “Meat the Future,” a documentar­y about cultivated meat.
LIZ MARSHALL PHOTOS Uma Valeti, right, the CEO of Memphis Meats, is featured in “Meat the Future,” a documentar­y about cultivated meat.
 ??  ?? “I feel that the topic of industrial animal agricultur­e brings together everything from human rights to animal rights to environmen­tal rights and that really matters to me as a filmmaker,” says Liz Marshall about her documentar­y.
“I feel that the topic of industrial animal agricultur­e brings together everything from human rights to animal rights to environmen­tal rights and that really matters to me as a filmmaker,” says Liz Marshall about her documentar­y.

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