Remains exhumed at Cape Breton fort before sea consumes site
LOUISBOURG, N.S. — The former residents of a massive 18thcentury fort in Cape Breton have long since died, but David Ebert says they still have plenty to tell.
Ebert, a strategic adviser with Parks Canada, is part of a team exhuming human remains from a large graveyard outside the gates of the Fortress of Louisbourg National Historic Site.
“We have uncovered five sets of skeletal remains already and we’ve found a number of artifacts to go with them,” Ebert said in an interview.
“One of the skeletons had eight buttons that were lying on top of it. Clearly, somebody had been buried in a fancy coat … When you see someone buried in a fine piece of clothing, it obviously shows some love and respect for that individual.”
Up to 1,100 residents of the French fort are buried at the site, which must be excavated because it is threatened by coastal erosion. Parks Canada has referred to the project as rescue archeology.
“Skeletons can tell you a lot of things,” Ebert said, citing the fact that malnutrition as a child can leave permanent marks on one’s teeth. “They are marks you’ll see right until the day you die … There’s lots of little hints that the skeleton gives you about what sort of life they led.”
A dozen students from the University of New Brunswick’s department of anthropology started digging last week. The five-year project will document and protect the burial grounds at Rochefort Point, where the shoreline has retreated about 90 metres over the past 300 years.
Ebert said the staff and students are well aware they are in a sacred space.
“Science isn’t our No. 1 priority,” he said. “It’s the respect and dignity that all people deserve in death … I tell the (students), ‘Remember, this is somebody’s great, great, great grandfather or grandmother.”
The fort, which is so big it is actually a fortified town, was built in 1713 and abandoned in 1760 after decades of fighting between the French and British. Even though only one quarter of the fortification has been rebuilt, it remains the largest of its kind in North America. Every year, about 82,000 people visit this site, a half-hour drive south of Sydney, N.S.
Amy Scott, project director of the bioarcheology field school, said the project is giving students hands-on experience.
“It’s so very special for us to be able to have this partnership with Parks Canada,” said Scott, an assistant professor at the University of New Brunswick. “It’s a very rich archeological site out here.”
The students will stay in the field until Aug. 20, when the recovered remains and artifacts will be taken to Scott’s laboratory for further analysis.
Testing will help determine the age, sex and health of each individual, data that will be given to Parks Canada for its interpretation and, hopefully, new insights into the fort’s history.