China will lead an electric car future, Ford’s chair says
SHANGHAI — The world’s automakers are just starting to bet on an electric car future — and already, one of the most powerful people in the industry says that future belongs to China.
Ford Motor Co. said Tuesday that it plans to introduce 15 battery electric or plug-in gasolineelectric hybrid car models in China by 2025. Speaking in Shanghai, Bill Ford Jr., Ford’s longtime executive chair, outlined why in an unusually blunt comment.
“When I think of where EVs are going,” he said, using an abbreviation for electric vehicles, “it’s clearly the case that China will lead the world in EV development.”
Ford is far from alone. General Motors, Volkswagen, Daimler and other automakers have put big bets on the market for electric cars in China in recent months.
Still, Ford’s statement was notable given his own long-held ambitions to develop vehicles that run on something other than gasoline. Two decades ago, he drove an electric Ford Ranger compact pickup truck around the Detroit area even as his wife drove a gasoline-powered Lincoln Navigator SUV.
China now appears to be behind that wheel. The government has taken a major role in electric car development and is pushing to dominate the market. Beijing hopes the push will add to its technological know-how, help address its pernicious pollution problems and curb its dependence on oil imports from politically volatile countries.
To achieve this, China is offering global automakers enticing financial carrots and threatening them with weighty regulatory sticks. State-controlled automakers have begun putting massive investments into electric car production. Meanwhile, Beijing has mandated that automakers must start selling large numbers of electric cars and plug-in hybrid cars or risk losing their right to sell gasoline-powered cars in China, now the world’s largest auto market.
“Certainly, having the full weight and power of the Chinese government behind it gave them a pretty good head start,” said James Chao, a China automotive analyst at IHS Markit.
China is already the world’s dominant producer not just of electric motors but also of practically all their components. Chinese companies even mine most of the valuable minerals, called rare earth metals, that go into the tiny magnets often used to make many of the motors.
Volkswagen has said that together with its Chinese partners it would invest almost $12 billion to introduce 25 models of electric cars in the Chinese market between 2020 and 2025. VW already planned to bring 15 electric models to the country by 2020.
Daimler AG, the maker of Mercedes-Benz and Smart cars, said at the Guangzhou auto show last month that it also planned a sharp increase in its electric car production investments, particularly for making the batteries.
“China will, in my view, be the biggest market for passenger cars for a very long time,” said Hubertus Troska, the company’s management board member responsible for China. Many of them, he added, will be electric.
GM, VW’s rival as the market leader in China, has put much of its electric car development effort in China and is laying plans to expand its electric car offerings here.
“Globally, but especially here in China, car companies are shifting and new companies emerging with a focus on electrified products,” Jennifer Goforth, the chief engineer of electrification at General Motors China, said in a statement Tuesday.
Jason Luo, chair and chief executive of Ford China, said the supply base for electric car parts is expanding rapidly in China thanks to automakers’ changing production plans. That makes possible the same kind of formidable economies of scale that have allowed China to become the dominant supplier of everything from solar panels to drones.