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责任编辑：林英泽

（School of International Economics，China Foreign Affairs University，Beijing 100037，China） Abstract：International economic trade disputes and conflicts occur more and more frequently，and WTO reform is in a dilemma. From the perspective of classic theories of international economics，we cannot fully understand the dilemma of current international economic governance，but we can find a clearer answer from the perspective of global value chain. The deepening of global value chain development has been reshaping the global economic and trade structure，and at the same time，it has also been in fierce conflict with the old system of international economic and trade rules，mainly in three aspects：the increasing dispute over the rules on the border，the constant shift towards the dispute of rules within the border，and the dispute with the SDT rule related to the rules both on and within the border. Through the microstructure analysis from the perspective of global value chain， it is found that the deep-seated reasons for the three challenges are that the old international economic and trade rules system no longer adapts to the needs of the international economic and trade structure in the era of global value chain. The reform of international economic and trade rules will further lower the threshold of rules on the border，indefinitely shelve the rules within the border，break the link between Special and Differential Treatment (SDT) and the status of developing countries，and reshape the SDT rule system from the technical level. Finally，four directional suggestions are put forward for China's choice：first，to firmly safeguard the rules system of the United Nations，especially the WTO frame；second，to accelerate the promotion of higher-quality regional economic and trade agreements；third，to gradually move from oral disputes of the status of developing countries under the single static SDT rule，to the value chain SDT treatments under differential dynamic SDT rules；fourth，to actively strengthen global economic governance cooperation.

Key words：global value chain；international economic and trade rule；border rule；Special and Differential Treatment reform