Shuttle diplomacy to solve Idlib crisis

Turkey, Iran and Russia will meet to discuss the Syrian situation

DAMASCUS — Days after visiting Turkey, Iran’s Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif arrived in Damascus on Monday as part of shuttle diplomacy to resolve the situation in Idlib province, the last major rebel stronghold in Syria.

Upon arriving at the airport, Zarif said the militants of the Levant Liberation Committee, or LLC, or the al-Qaida-linked al-Nusra Front, must be “cleaned out” of Idlib in northwestern Syria, the last major rebel bastion in Syria.

His visit came before the presidents of Turkey, Iran and Russia are to meet in Iran on Friday to discuss the Syrian situation, especially in Idlib.

In a meeting during his visit last month, Hatami and his Syrian counterpart signed a deal for military cooperation, while the United States, France and Britain issued a statement claiming Syria was planning a chemical attack in Idlib and warned that they would use force in case of such attack.

The Western statement was condemned by Syria, Iran and Russia, who believe it is a Western attempt to prevent the Syrian army from capturing Idlib.

On Aug 29, Zarif visited Turkey and met with officials including President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in reported talks on Idlib.

Turkey has 12 observation posts run by its military in Idlib to monitor the “de-escalation zone” agreed upon by Turkey, Russia and Iran.

The Syrian army has been amassing forces to launch a wide-scale campaign to eradicate the ultraradical groups in Idlib while at the same time trying to reach reconciliation deals in that area.

Essential role

Turkey’s role is essential as Ankara has a considerable sway over the rebels in Idlib. It was assigned to monitor the truce between the Syrian government and the opposition.

But after failing to convince the LLC to dissolve itself, Turkey has recently declared the rebel group as a “terror organization”.

Zarif said the tripartite summit on Friday will discuss ways to confront the extremist groups, mainly the LLC, amid efforts to separate this group from other less-radical militants who could achieve reconciliation with the government without a military operation.

“After the victory against the extremist groups in Syria, it’s about time to rebuild this country. Syria’s alliances are contributing to this matter,” Zarif said.

Hatami also said recently that Syria has entered the phase of reconstruction as the war was nearing an end.

“Russia, Iran and Turkey are the guarantor countries to the Astana process. We are sure that the main goal of this summit will be the case of liberating Idlib and this is what the Syrian people are looking for,” Syria’s Foreign Minister Walid al-Moallem told Russia Today in an interview.

The three countries have backed the Astana process for Syria and agreed to establish four de-escalation zones including Idlib.

The Astana peace talks were launched in January 2017 with the aim of putting an end to violence and improving the humanitarian situation in the war-torn Syria.

But the situation in Idlib has escalated with the presence of ultraradical groups such as the LLC, which also prevents other rebel factions from accepting a reconciliation deal with the Syrian government.

The government prioritized reconciliation in Idlib but was rejected by the ultraradical groups, who opted for a military operation.

The visit of Zarif to Syria was read by analysts as aiming to put the Syrian government in the picture of what had been discussed in Ankara.