基于 HPLC指纹图谱对救必应与其伪品的鉴别研究

马玉翠1，王淳 1，王蔚 2，吴翠 1，杜宁 2，孙文 1，李慧 1，巢志茂 1

1.中国中医科学院中药研究所，北京 100700；2.北京市理化分析测试中心，北京 100094摘要：目的 建立救必应与其伪品米碎木的 HPLC 指纹图谱，进行真伪鉴别。方法 收集各地名为“救必应”的药材，采用 HPLC 指纹图谱方法对救必应及其伪品米碎木进行检测，采用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统 2004A 版》对指纹图谱进行评价。结果 建立了救必应和米碎木的 HPLC 指纹图谱，方法学考察符合指纹图谱技术要求。救必应与其伪品米碎木指纹图谱轮廓特征明显不同，救必应有31个共有峰，米碎木有 28个共有峰。主成分分析可将样品分为2组，聚类分析也可将样品分为2类。结论 采用 HPLC指纹图谱及其数据分析，可以对救必应与其伪品进行鉴别，为救必应的质量评价提供有效方法。关键词：救必应；米碎木；高效液相色谱法；指纹图谱；主成分分析；质量控制

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.08.020

中图分类号：R284.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304(2017)08-0089-04

Identification of Ilicis Rotundae Cortex and Its Adulterant Based on HPLC Fingerprint

Yu-cui1, WANG Chun1, WANG Wei2, WU Cui1, DU Ning2, SUN Wen1, LI Hui1, CHAO Zhi-mao1 (1. Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; 2. Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing 100094, China)

Abstract: Objective To establish HPLC fingerprints for the identification of Ilicis Rotundae Cortex (Jiubiying), dried bark of Ilex rotunda Thunb., and its adulterant, dried bark of Ilex godajam (Colebr.) Wall.. Methods Some samples named “Jiubiying” were collected from some medicine markets and drugstores. The HPLC fingerprints were obtained to detect Jiubiying and Ilex godajam. The software “Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004A edition)” was used to evaluate fingerprints. Results The fingerprints of Jiubiying and Ilex godajam were established. Methodological study met the technical requirements of fingerprints. There were 31 and 28 common peaks in Jiubiying and Ilex godajam, respectively. Jiubiying and Ilex godajam could be classified into two clusters by principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. Conclusion Jiubiying and Ilex godajam can be identified by HPLC fingerprints. This method can provide an effective method for quality evaluation of Jiubiying.

Key words: Ilicis Rotundae Cortex (Jiubiying); Ilex godajam (Colebr) Wall.; HPLC; fingerprint; principal component analysis; quality control

冬青科植物铁冬青 Ilex rotunda Thunb.是岭南地区多湿热环境中生长的乔木，主要分布于广东、广西、

福建、台湾、云南等地[1]。其干燥树皮为中药救必应，功效清热解毒、利湿止痛，用于暑湿发热、咽喉肿痛、

湿热泻痢、脘腹胀痛、风湿痹痛等症[2]，主要含三萜及其苷类、黄酮类、酚类、鞣质类化学成分，具有降低冠脉流量、抗心律失常、降压、减慢心率、提高耐缺氧能力、抗肿瘤、抑菌、抗炎、止血等活性，用于

基金项目：国家质量监督检验检疫总局行业科研专项

（201210209）

通讯作者：巢志茂，E-mail：chaozhimao@163.com 治疗消化系统疾病、心血管疾病及多种感染性疾

病[3-5]，是腹可安片、肠胃适胶囊、复方救必应胶囊

等中成药的组成之一[6-7]。救必应还是岭南地区凉茶

的主要组成成分[8]，在牙膏中也有应用[9-10]。救必应的伪品米碎木为米碎木I. godajam (Colebr.) Wall.的干

燥树皮[11]，外观与救必应极其相似，在商品流通中也

常有米碎木混作救必应的现象[12]，导致救必应的质量参差不齐。曾有报道对救必应进行高效薄层指纹图

谱[13]、定性定量分析[12]等的研究，并对救必应和米碎

木进行了性状、显微、薄层色谱的比较[11-12]。中药指纹图谱是一种综合、宏观和可量化的鉴别手段，可用于对中药材和中成药进行真伪鉴别，能较