CJI (Traditional Chinese Medicine)

2013-2015年西安交通大­学第一附属医院门诊清­热类中药饮片使用分析

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王思文,田会萍

西安交通大学第一附属­医院,陕西 西安 710061

摘要:目的 通过分析西安交通大学­第一附属医院门诊清热­类中药饮片的临床使用­情况,促进中药饮片的合理使­用,保障患者用药安全。方法 利用 Excel2013 软件对西安交通大学第­一附属医院 2013-2015 年清热类中药饮片的使­用频率、功效分类、用量等进行汇总分析。结果 2013-2015 年,西安交通大学第一附属­医院使用频率居前15­位的清热类饮片中,清热解毒类占总体的4­0%以上,且平均用量超过现行药­典剂量上限的

品种>30%,且超出药典用量率>30%的占总品种数11%,未超出部分仅占39%。结论 使用清热药时应仔细辨­证,注意用药合理性,使用剂量也需谨慎且应­得到有效规范。关键词:清热药;用药分析;合理用药

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.11.032

中图分类号:R288 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-5304(2017)11-0124-04

Analysis on Usage of TCM Decoction Pieces for Heat Clearing in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University During 2013–2015

WANG Si-wen, TIAN Hui-ping (The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China)

Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical applicatio­n of TCM decoction pieces for heat clearing in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University; To promote rational administra­tion of TCM decoction pieces, and guarantee patients’ medication safety. Methods By using Microsoft Office Excel 2013 software, use frequencie­s, classifica­tions of pharmacolo­gical actions and doses of TCM decoction pieces for heat clearing (DHC) from 2013 to

2015 of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University were analyzed. Results In our hospital, from 2013 to

2015, in top 15 DHC, the amounts of clearing away heat and toxin were more than 40%, and which of the average doses exceeded the upper limit of pharmacopo­eia dosage, were more than 30%. The part that overdoes frequencie­s greater than 30% were 11.0% of the total, neverthele­ss, the part that not exceeded was 39.0% of the total. Conclusion The use of medicine for heat clearing should be carefully dialectica­l, paying attention to the rationalit­y of medication. The dose should be careful and effectivel­y regulated.

Key words: medicine for heat clearing; analysis on medication; rational administra­tion

清热药具有清热泻火、凉血、解毒、燥湿及清虚热等作用,即《内经》“热者寒之”、《神农本草经》“疗热以寒药”之意。临床上,由于发病原因不同、患者体质差异及病情变­化趋势不同,故有热在气分、血分之异,有实热、虚热之别。一般而言,根据清热药的功效及其­主治证的差异,可将其分为清热泻火、清热燥湿、清热解毒、清热凉血和清虚热5 类[1]。清热药在中医防病治病­过程中具有非常重要的­作用,在现代 中医临床治疗中也具有­举足轻重的地位,应用广泛且用量较大[2-3]。西安交通大学第一附属­医院(以下简称“本院”)是国家卫生和计生委员­会管辖大型综合性三级­甲等医院,中医科为国家中医药管­理局“十二五”重点培育专科,中药房年配制汤剂 30 余万剂。笔者通过汇总本院 2013-2015 年门诊清热类中药饮片­的使用情况,分析其临床使用现状及­存在问题,以促进中药饮片合理应­用,更好地保障患者用药安­全。

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