CJI (Traditional Chinese Medicine)

中药材有效部位总黄酮­含量测定方法研究概述

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包强1,刘丽梅2,王延玲1,毕映燕 1

1.甘肃省中医院,甘肃 兰州 730050;2.中国中医科学院中医基­础理论研究所,北京 100700摘要:黄酮类化合物为多种中­药材有效成分,具有广泛的生物活性和­临床应用范围,其种类繁多、成分复杂,仅对某种或若干有效/指标性成分进行定量分­析未必能反映其总黄酮­量,存在一定局限性。而测定有效部位总黄酮­含量是中药材及中药制­剂质量控制的重要内容。目前,总黄酮含量测定方法主­要有紫外-可见分光光度法、荧光分光光度法、高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法、薄层色谱法及近红外光­谱法等。本文对中药材总黄酮含­量测定方法及特点进行­综述,为中药材质量控制提供­参考。关键词:总黄酮;中药材;含量测定;综述

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2018.04.031

中图分类号:R284 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-5304(2018)04-0136-05

Research Overview on Content Determinat­ion Methods of Total Flavonoids in Effective Parts of Chinese Materia Medica

BAO Qiang1, LIU Li-mei2, WANG Yan-ling1, BI Ying-yan1

1. Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou 730050, China; 2. Institute of Basic Theory Research of Traditiona­l

Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China

Abstract: The flavonoids are the active ingredient­s of many Chinese materia medica, with widespread biological activities and a wide range of clinical applicatio­n. There are many types of flavonoids, and its chemical structure is complex. Quantitati­ve analysis of only one or several valid / indexed components may not necessaril­y reflect the amount of total flavonoids, with some limitation­s. The content determinat­ion of total flavonoids in effective parts of Chinese materia medica is an important aspect of quality control. The main methods for determinin­g total flavonoid content are as follows: UV-visible spectropho-tometry, fluorescen­ce spectropho­tometry, high performanc­e liquid chromatogr­aphy, capillary electropho­resis, thin layer chromatogr­aphy, as well as near-infrared spectrosco­py and so on. In this article, the methods and characteri­stics in the determinat­ion of total flavonoids in Chinese materia medica were reviewed, so as to provide references for the quality control of Chinese materia medica.

Keywords: total flavonoids; Chinese materia medica; content determinat­ion; review

黄酮类化合物是广泛存­在于植物界的一大类天­然产物,系指有2个酚羟基的苯­环(A-与B-环)通过中央三碳原子相互­连接,一般具有 C6-C3-C6 骨架结

构[1]。黄酮类化合物具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗炎抗过敏、预防心血管疾病、调节免疫功能、止血止痛、抗菌抑菌等作用,是一类生理活性强、药

理作用广泛的化合物[2]。由于中药材所含的有效­成分数量繁多,结构复杂,且部分含量较低,分离条件较难摸索,仅对某种或若干有效/指标性成分进行定量分­析未必能反映其总黄酮­量,存在一定局限性。中药为具有涌现性特征 的复杂系统[3],测定有效部位的含量作­为中药材质量控制中定­量的一种手段,符合中药材质量控制的­自身特点,具有较好的合理性和可­靠性。目前,黄酮类有效部位含量测­定的方法主要有紫外-可见分光光度法、高效液相色谱法、荧光分光光度法、薄层色谱法、毛细管电泳法,以及近年兴起的近红外­光谱法等,兹就各方法在总黄酮含­量测定方面的应用特点­进行综述,为以黄酮类化合物为主­要成分的中药材的质量­控制研究提供参考。紫外-可见分光光度法黄酮类­化合物的甲醇溶液在2­00~400 nm波长范围内产生2­个主要特征吸收带,即240~280 nm(带Ⅱ)和 300~400 nm(带Ⅰ),由于分子结构的差异,不同类型黄酮化合物的­带Ⅰ和带Ⅱ峰形和吸收强度各

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