CJI (Traditional Chinese Medicine)
中药材有效部位总黄酮含量测定方法研究概述
包强1,刘丽梅2,王延玲1,毕映燕 1
1.甘肃省中医院,甘肃 兰州 730050;2.中国中医科学院中医基础理论研究所,北京 100700摘要:黄酮类化合物为多种中药材有效成分,具有广泛的生物活性和临床应用范围,其种类繁多、成分复杂,仅对某种或若干有效/指标性成分进行定量分析未必能反映其总黄酮量,存在一定局限性。而测定有效部位总黄酮含量是中药材及中药制剂质量控制的重要内容。目前,总黄酮含量测定方法主要有紫外-可见分光光度法、荧光分光光度法、高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法、薄层色谱法及近红外光谱法等。本文对中药材总黄酮含量测定方法及特点进行综述,为中药材质量控制提供参考。关键词:总黄酮;中药材;含量测定;综述
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2018.04.031
中图分类号:R284 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-5304(2018)04-0136-05
Research Overview on Content Determination Methods of Total Flavonoids in Effective Parts of Chinese Materia Medica
BAO Qiang1, LIU Li-mei2, WANG Yan-ling1, BI Ying-yan1
1. Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou 730050, China; 2. Institute of Basic Theory Research of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
Abstract: The flavonoids are the active ingredients of many Chinese materia medica, with widespread biological activities and a wide range of clinical application. There are many types of flavonoids, and its chemical structure is complex. Quantitative analysis of only one or several valid / indexed components may not necessarily reflect the amount of total flavonoids, with some limitations. The content determination of total flavonoids in effective parts of Chinese materia medica is an important aspect of quality control. The main methods for determining total flavonoid content are as follows: UV-visible spectropho-tometry, fluorescence spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, thin layer chromatography, as well as near-infrared spectroscopy and so on. In this article, the methods and characteristics in the determination of total flavonoids in Chinese materia medica were reviewed, so as to provide references for the quality control of Chinese materia medica.
Keywords: total flavonoids; Chinese materia medica; content determination; review
黄酮类化合物是广泛存在于植物界的一大类天然产物,系指有2个酚羟基的苯环(A-与B-环)通过中央三碳原子相互连接,一般具有 C6-C3-C6 骨架结
构[1]。黄酮类化合物具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗炎抗过敏、预防心血管疾病、调节免疫功能、止血止痛、抗菌抑菌等作用,是一类生理活性强、药
理作用广泛的化合物[2]。由于中药材所含的有效成分数量繁多,结构复杂,且部分含量较低,分离条件较难摸索,仅对某种或若干有效/指标性成分进行定量分析未必能反映其总黄酮量,存在一定局限性。中药为具有涌现性特征 的复杂系统[3],测定有效部位的含量作为中药材质量控制中定量的一种手段,符合中药材质量控制的自身特点,具有较好的合理性和可靠性。目前,黄酮类有效部位含量测定的方法主要有紫外-可见分光光度法、高效液相色谱法、荧光分光光度法、薄层色谱法、毛细管电泳法,以及近年兴起的近红外光谱法等,兹就各方法在总黄酮含量测定方面的应用特点进行综述,为以黄酮类化合物为主要成分的中药材的质量控制研究提供参考。紫外-可见分光光度法黄酮类化合物的甲醇溶液在200~400 nm波长范围内产生2个主要特征吸收带,即240~280 nm(带Ⅱ)和 300~400 nm(带Ⅰ),由于分子结构的差异,不同类型黄酮化合物的带Ⅰ和带Ⅱ峰形和吸收强度各