Life of a Mexican ‘mole’
Volunteer rescuers risk own lives to save earthquake victims
Ismael Villegas is on vacation, but you wouldn’t think that when looking at him. He hasn’t showered in a week as he’s been sleeping a few hours a day on the floor of a strip club, and he spends the rest of his time digging through the rubble of a building that collapsed during Mexico’s earthquake last week.
Villegas is a ‘‘topo’’ – the Spanish word for ‘‘mole’’ – volunteer rescuers who tunnel into the concrete and steel rubbles of collapsed buildings to look for survivors and bring them to safety.
The topo’s mission is a tradition that dates back to another earthquake in 1985 that killed more than 10,000 people and flattened hundreds of buildings in Mexico City.
The 1985 earthquake, which struck on the same day as the one 10 days ago, September 19, overwhelmed the government’s emergency services, leaving civilian volunteers to fill the void.
Villegas, who was 14 at the time, remembers watching in fascination as scrappy young men and women tunneled into the abyss to pull out trapped survivors.
Those original moles developed an efficient new technique for extracting people from collapsed buildings.
It involves crawling into the cavities left by the collapse, then tunneling horizontally through the wreckage floor by floor, looking for air pockets where people may be alive. It is faster and less expensive – but
far more dangerous – than the standard international technique, which involves working down vertically through a collapsed building, one section at a time, pausing regularly to ensure the structure remains stable.
“Our technique is to dig tunnels. That’s why they call us moles, because we dig tunnels, sometimes with nothing but our hands,” said Villegas, wearing a helmet strapped with protective goggles and a headlamp.
Strip club
When last Tuesday’s earthquake shook Mexico City, Villegas was 700 kilometers away, in the southern state of Oaxaca, helping clean up damage caused by an earlier quake on September 7.
As soon as the ground stopped shaking, he jumped in his car and rushed back to Mexico City, where reports were already emerging of collapsed buildings with people trapped inside.
“I drove as fast as I could. It was a 10-hour drive. I got here at two in the morning and jumped straight into the rubble. My team and I managed to get seven survivors out,” he said.
Villegas has not budged since from this pancaked seven-story office building on Alvaro Obregon Avenue in the trendy Roma district, one of the worst scenes of destruction in a disaster that has killed more than 330 people.
“We’re staying nearby, in a strip club. There’s a pole and a bar and all the stuff the girls use and everything,” he told AFP. “They invited us in. They’re letting
us use their bathrooms and sleep on the floor.”
Layer cake
Villegas estimates there are about 200 moles in Mexico.
They are, by definition, volunteers. When a major earthquake strikes – not just in Mexico, but around the world – they take time off from work and rush to the disaster zone.
In his day job, Villegas, 46, is an electrician on the Mexico City subway. But being a mole, he says, is allconsuming.
“I’m not married and I don’t have children. I think it must be because I’m always rushing off to disasters, because I don’t think I’m that badlooking!”
It is dangerous too
One misstep in a collapsed building and you can end up at the bottom of a chasm. One shift in the precarious structure and you can get crushed.
“It’s like a layer cake with different levels. All of a sudden, someone pulls out the base and six levels of cake collapse into one and a half,” said Luis Garcia, 43, a lawyer and mole.
“It’s a sea of cement, rebar, metal, rubble and liquids. You feel desperate in there.”
Pola Diaz Moffitt, who works alongside Villegas in an association called the Adrenaline Star Moles, started doing this back in 1985.
She said fear grips her when she first ventures into the rubble, even to this day.
“At first your legs tremble, and then you get it under control. It’s a place where everything is moving,” she said.
Diaz, a 53-year-old social worker, estimates that she has helped save some 25 lives in her career.
Never give up
There is little hope of finding more survivors of the 7.1-magnitude quake.
When the Alvaro Obregon building crumpled into a tangled heap of concrete and steel, there were 132 people inside.
Twenty-nine were rescued alive in the first few days, and 69 across the city.
But since late Friday, only bodies have been recovered from the 39 buildings that collapsed.
The moles, however, refuse to give up – even after more than a week of hard work and next to no sleep.
“We’ve rescued survivors from the rubble after a week, even more,” said Villegas.