Agreement on thorny issues of Brexit expected to move talks forward

The European Commission (EC) has found sufficient progress in the first phase of Brexit talks and will recommend to the European Council to open the second phase, EC President Jean Claude Juncker said Friday.

Juncker made the remarks during a joint press conference with British Prime Minister Theresa May, who arrived in Brussels before dawn for her second meeting with him in a week to secure a deal for Britain’s divorce from the bloc.

“This is a difficult negotiation but we have now made a first breakthrough. I am satisfied with the fair deal we have reached with the United Kingdom,” Juncker said.

He added that if the other 27 European Union (EU) member states agreed with the assessment, EU chief negotiator Michel Barnier was ready to begin work on the second phase of the negotiations immediately.

Barnier said the EC’s assessment was based on the “real, genuine progress” made in each of the three priority areas: expatriates’ rights, Britain’s border with EU member state Ireland, and a financial deal.

“By agreeing on these issues and settling the past, we can now move forward and discuss our future relationship on the basis of trust and confidence,” Barnier said.

According to a statement issued by the EC after the conference, its negotiator has ensured that the rights of EU citizens living in Britain and British citizens living in the EU will remain the same.

The EC has also ensured that any administrative procedures for EU citizens in Britain will be cheap and simple, the statement said.

Friday marked the final deadline given by Juncker after efforts on Monday to secure sufficient progress necessary to open the second phase of Brexit talks failed.

May, who looked more relaxed compared with her appearance on Monday, said, “Friday’s deal is in the best interest of the UK, and I very much welcome the prospect of moving ahead to the next phase, to discuss trade and security and a positive and ambitious future relationship.”

She also said EU citizens living in the UK will get their rights enshrined in British law and they will be enforced by British courts. “They will be able to go on living their lives as before,” she said.

A document issued by the EC detailing the principles reached in the deal said British courts or tribunals shall have due regard to the relevant decisions of the EU Court of Justice given after Britain’s withdrawal from the EU.

As to the divorce bill, May reaffirmed that Britain will continue to honor its obligations. “We now agreed on a settlement that is fair to British taxpayers,” she said without giving any specific figure.

The EC said Britain has agreed to honor its share of financing all the obligations undertaken while it was a member of the EU. No member state should pay more or receive less because of Brexit.

Britain also acknowledged the “unique situation” on the island of Ireland. May said there will be “no hard border” – including physical infrastructure or related checks and controls – between Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Island, and the Republic of Ireland, a sovereign state not part of Britain, after Brexit.

Britain consented to upholding the Belfast Agreement signed during the Northern Ireland peace process in the 1990s, paving the way for Northern Ireland’s current devolved system of government.

“In doing so we will continue to preserve the constitutional and economic integrity of the United Kingdom,” May said.

Britain also committed to respecting Ireland’s EU membership and all corresponding rights and obligations.

“The United Kingdom would in the future operate the Common Travel Area in full respect of Ireland’s obligations as an EU member state, in particular without affecting the right to free movement of EU citizens to and from Ireland,” the EC said.

Divergences between May and her Northern Ireland ally, the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), derailed her Monday trip to Brussels, as the DUP said any form of regulatory divergence separating Northern Ireland from the mainland was unacceptable.