广州状元坊传统街区商贸空间形态演变与动力机制研究
Spatial Morphology Evolution and Developing Mechanisms: a Case Study of Commercial Spaces in Zhuangyuanfang Traditional Urban Block in Guangzhou
摘要 广州作为千年商都，其城市商贸空间跟随城市的发展，一直处于更新演变之中，并且在不同的历史时期均有其鲜明的特点。但在近些年，广州的老城区呈现出更新动力不足的趋势，老城设施陈旧、人口流失、房屋失修、房屋空置率提高等问题，引起社会各界广泛关注。为找寻突破口，该文借助康泽恩城市形态学分析法，回溯城市物质形态的历史过程，结合城市空间结构演变机制理论，以状元坊这一著名商业街为例，分析广州历史城区商贸空间在不同时期其演变的特点及动因，并从政府力、市场力、社会力三大影响因素，指出广州城市更新动力来源及特点，分析导致衰败的原因，发掘未来能够推动历史城区更新的着力点。
关键词 形态演变；动力机制；历史城区；广州状元坊abstract Guangzhou has been a central commercial city for over centuries, and its urban commercial spaces have always been changing and evolving along with its urban development with their unique characteristics in different historical periods. However, in recent years, the driving force of urban renewal in the old city of Guangzhou seems to wane. Obsolete facilities, loss of population, ill-maintained buildings, and rising vacancy rate are all among the concerns of the society. In order to find a solution, this article looks into Zhuangyuangfang block to analyze the characteristics and driving forces of development in different historical periods. Aided by Conzen's urban morphology analysis theory and urban spatial structure evolution mechanism theories, this article reconstructs the evolution of the urban morphology of Zhuangyuanfang block, and points out the origin and characteristics of the driving forces of the renewal of Guangzhou by inspecting the influences of the government, the market and the society. This article also analyzes the reasons that caused the decay of the old city, hoping to promote urban renewals in the future.
KeY Words morphology evolution; developing mechanisms; urban historic district; Guangzhou Zhuangyuanfang Block
*国家自然科学基金资助项目：管理单元与历史城镇的有机更新，项目编号：51678241；亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室探索创新项目：单元的解析与管理，项目编号：2017KB08。
中图分类号 TU984.13文献标识码 A
DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2017.02.072文章编号 1000-0232（2017）02-0072-07
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作者简介 硕士研究生，电子邮箱 ：705414467@qq.com ； 硕士研究生； 教授； 华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室
引言
在历史城区的更新实践中，历史风貌的保护与建物更新的方式方法引导，需要建立在对该片区历史演变的深刻洞察，以及动力机制的透彻剖析之基础上。至今为止，形态演变与动力机制已各有较完整的理论与分析框架，
但前者停留在表层空间缺乏深层次剖析，后者的研究缺少物质形态的印证，两者结合研究的案例极少。而在针对实际物质空间的工程项目中，两者均是为更新引导、控制政策提供完整依据的关键基础。
广州的建城历史可追溯到2200年前，经历朝代更迭，