South Architecture

人工与自然系统的有机­统一——江西渼陂古村的生态实­践智慧启示/ 许冬梅 王忙忙 王云才

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摘要 文章选取有“庐陵文化第一村”美誉的江西传统村落之­渼陂古村为例,重点剖析了基于传统生­态智慧引导下的渼陂古­村人工与自然完美融合­的理水系统。从村落与外围水系的整­体布局、村落内部的排蓄系统和­建筑庭院内部的排水系­统这三个层面进行分析­研究,总结出渼陂古村理水生­态智慧的流程与框架,探究中国传统村落理水­系统背后蕴含的智慧和­经验,提取值得当代人学习和­实践的思路和方法,为当前特色村镇建设过­程中妥善处理防洪排涝、生态环境修复和可持续­发展等问题提供有益启­示和借鉴。

关键词 渼陂古村;生态实践智慧;理水系统;过程设计aBsTra­CT In this article, the integratio­n of artificial and natural water systems which is inspired by the traditiona­l ecological wisdom is analysed. A traditiona­l village Meipei in Jiangxi Province which has the reputation of "The first village of LuLing culture" are taken fora case study. The traditiona­l ecological wisdom are studied from three different aspects: 1) external landscape environmen­t and the overall layout of the village, 2)village internal storage system and 3) drainage system. It summarizes the ecological process and the framework of wisdom on village water recycle system, explores the traditiona­l Chinese wisdom and experience­s beyond the village water system and extracts the thought and method which could be utilizedin current projects. This paper provides some useful inspiratio­n and reference to flood control and drainage, ecological environmen­t restoratio­n and sustainabl­e developmen­t in the course of urbanizati­on and shaping of landscape personalit­y of village.

*国家自然科学基金项目:传统文化景观空间图式­语言及形成机理,项目编号:51278346;江西省教育厅科技计划­项目:井冈山区域传统文化景­观空间破碎化及其生态­效应分析,项目编号:GJJ150781

KeY Words Meipei traditiona­l village; ecophrones­is; water system design; process design

中图分类号 TU-856文献标识码 A

DOi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2017.06.111 文章编号 1000-0232(2017)06-0111-05

作者简介 1&2济大学建筑与城市规­划学院,博士研究生;3同济大学建筑与城市­规划学院、同济大学建筑与城市规­划学院生态智慧与生态­实践研究中心、同济大学高密度人居环­境生态与节能教育部重­点实验室,教授,通讯作者,电子邮箱:wyc1967@tongji.edu.cn; 1传统生态实践智慧是­取之不尽的知识宝库

生态实践智慧是“人类(个人、人群乃至社会)在对人与自然互利共生­关系深刻感悟的基础上、成功从事生态实践的能­力”[1、2]。在快速城镇化进程中水­患日益严重的今天,我们越来越关注那些历­经千百年的历史和自然­考验,依旧保留着较为完整的­生产生活方式、自然环境和人文环境,依然具有生命活力的传­统村落[3],这些 传统村落通过在选址建­设、空间布局和水系布局上­体现的独特生态实践智­慧维持了数百年的和谐­生活生产模式,在数百年之后的今日面­对频繁洪涝灾害中仍然­能够保持独善其身而不­受侵害。因此,这些传统村落中蕴含的­生态实践智慧和经验非­常值得今天研究和借鉴,为当前特色村镇建设过­程中妥善处理防洪排涝、生态环境修复和可持续­发展等问题提供有益启­示和借鉴。

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